chapter 4 part 2 epithelium Flashcards
squamous
thin/ flat
-nucleus appears squished
cuboidal
nucleus is in the center and round
columnar cell
nucleus near the base
-if it is at the top there is something wrong
transitional
mixture of cells
-bladder
simple squamous
flat, delicate, lines body cavities, the heart and blood vessels
-good for blood vessels because it is easy to exchange materials and gasses
-reduce friction and secrete material
stratified squamous
surface of skin, lines the muoth, esophagus, anus and vagina
-for protection
simple cuboidal
thyroid gland, ducts, kidneys tubules
-for secretion and absobtion
-dont want it flat bc it is for waste exchange
-any more layers and it would be too much
stratified cuboidal
ducts of sweat glands
-secretion and absorbtion
-merrecrine glands
simple columnar
stomach lining, intestines, uterine tubes
-secretion, absorbtion and protection
-bc food digestion require bigger/ longer cells
stratified columnar
pharynx. epiglottis, mammary glands, salivary glands
-for protection
pseudostraatified ciliated columnar
-nucleus are at different levels
-nasal cavity, trachea, bronchi
-protection and secretion
transitional
many layers
-cuboidal and odd shaped cells
-odd shape cells are for the ability to stretch
-bladder
glandular
-epithelia mixed with gland cells
types of glands
-serous, mucous and mixed exocrine, endocrine, exocrine, simple, compound
serous glands
secrete watery fluids with enzymes
mucous glands
secrete glycoproteins (mucins) that absorb water to produce mucus
mixed exocrine
have both serous and mucous secretions
endocrine
long distance
exocrine
short distance
-ducts
simple glands
no branching dicts
compound gland
various branching ducts
glandular epithelia modes of secretions
merocrine secretions, apocrine secretions and holocrine scretions
merocrine secretions
-released through exocytosis
-goblet cells of trachea and cells in axilla region for sweat production
goblet cell
column shaped, in intestine/ trachea
-for nutriet digestion and mucosal absorption
exocytosis
vesicle binds with plasma membrane to release contents
apocrine secretions
released via the loss of cytoplasm
-cells of mammary glands for milk secretion
holocrine
secretions released upon the bursting of glandular cells
-sebaceous glans
aging
-less repair and maintenance
-hormonal changes affect the functioning of tissues
-epithelia gets thinner and connective tissue becomes fragile
-cardiac muscle cells and neuro tissue DO NOT regenerate
day 6 blastocyst
the ball of cells becomes hollow
trophoblast
blactocysts forms two layers of cells
-those 2 layers of cells will develop into four tissue of the body
epithelial tissue will develop to form
-functional epithelial linings
-exocrine cells
-endocrine cells
endoderm forms from
mesenchyme
-mesenchyme differentiates to from the carious connective tissue categories
organ system development
-ectoderm layer and endoderm layer form
-cells migrate between the layers which forms the mesoderm
-organs begin to develop around day 28
