integument part 1 Flashcards
Three layers of skin
-epidermis, dermis and hypodermis
epidermis
outer layer
-keratinized stratified squamous
-protection
-basal layer folded to form dermal papillae
-think skin has 4 layers thick has 5
dermis
-thicker
-connective tissue layer
-sensation, protection, thermoregulation
-has nerves and blood supply and fibroblasts and sweat glands
-apical layer of deris are folded to form dermal papillae (more prominant in thick skin)
-densse irreuglar c.t.
hypodermis
mainly adipose and sweat glands
-adipose responsible for producing vitamin d and triglycerides
eye lid
.5mm thick
heels of feet
4.0mm thick
how many layers of ectoermal tissue does the skin have
up to 7
cuando esa puerta suene y te de una paranda ni de mi te acuerdes
skin also?
protects vitamin B folates
integumentary system
-skin
-hair
-nails
-sweat glands
-oil glands
-mammary gland
cutaneous membrane
epidermis and dermis
-dermis has hypodermis
accessory strucutres
-hair follicles
-exocrine glands
-nails
integumentary functions
-physical protection
-excretion of products
-synthesis of product
-sensation
-immune defense
thick skin
-palms and soles
-made of five skin layers
think skin
-rest of the body
-four layers
four epidermis cell types
-keratinocytes
-malanocytes
-merkel cells
-langerhans
keratinocytes
produce tough protein= keratin
melanocytes
pigment cells deep in the dermis
-produce melanin
merkel cells
sensory cells
langerhans
fixed macrophages
layers of epidermic
come lets get some booze
(superficial to deep)
basal layer
-where melanocytes are
-cells here do active reproduction
spinosum
-keratinocytes bound together by desmosomes
granulosum
keratinocytes produce keratin
corneum
superficial layer
-interlocking dehydrated dead cells
epidermal ridges
-formed by stratum germinativum
-they are dermal papillae that extend into dermis
-fingerprints
skin color is caused by?
-dermal blood supply
-thickness of stratum corneum
-concentrations of carotene and melanin
two layers of the dermis
-papillary layer
-reticular layer
papillary layer
superficial dermis
reticular layer
deep dermis
papillary layer has?
-dermal papillae
-capillaries
-nerve axons
reticular layer has?
-dense irregular connective tissu e
-hair follicles
-sweat glands
-sebaceous glands
subcutaneous layer
also called the hypodermis
-not part of the integumentary system just stabilizes it
what is in the hypodermis
-adipose tissue
-major blood vessels
hair
made of keratin
hair follicles
cells are in concentric rings
hair types
-vellus, intermediate and terminal
vellus hair
covers most of the body
intermediate hair
covers arms and legs
terminal hair
covers head
hair functions
-protect from uv light
-indulation
-guards nose and ear entrances
-arrector pili muscle contractions= goosebumps
-sensation impulse to brain (bug on arm)
hair color
varies bc of melaning by melanocytes
-decreases with age
glands in the skin
sebaceou snad sweat
-they lubricate the epidermis and excrete waste and help w thermoregulation
sweat gland
-apocrine
-ceruminous
-mammary
-merocrine
ceruminous and mammary glands are
type of apocrine glands
sebaceous glands function
-secrete sebum to lubricate skin
-everywhere but palms and soles
-lots on forehead, face and upper back
-blocked duct= acne
apocrine glands
-sweat glands
-armpits and nipples
-pheromones to attract fetus in men and women
merocrine
-sweat glands
-also called eccrine glands
-all over the body
-lots on palms and soles
-sweat to cool down
mammary glands
produce milk when hormones come from pituitary gland
ceruminous gland
-type of apocrine gland
-only in the ear canal
-makes cerumen/ ear wax
nail structures
-free edge
-lateral nail fold
-lanula
-eponychium
-hyponychium
aging
-epidermis and dermis thinner
-less vitamin d made
-less malanocyte activity
-less glandular activity
-hair follicles stop functioning
