Chapter 10 part 1 Flashcards
Plasma
Liquid ecm and protein rich
Erythrocyte
RBC
Leukocyte
WBC
Platelets
Thrombocytes, 90% water
Hematocrit
Packed erythrocytes, like lab work
Plasma make up
90 percent water, 10 percent i
proteins in plasma
albumin, globulins and fibrogen
-all but the large protein can diffuse through wall into intracellular space
albumin
-main plasma protein
-smallest protein
-made in liver
-colloid osmotic pressure
-
globulins
-immunglobulin and nonimuno globulin
immuno
-immune system moelcule that is made by the plasma cell
nonimmuno
-made by the liver
-maintains osmotic pressure
-IS THE CARRIER PROTEIN FOR IRON AND HEMOGLOBIN
fibrogen
largest protein
-turns into fibrin (insoluble protein)
-cant diffuse
bloodclot
network of erythrocytes in a network of fibrin
anticoagulant
-citrate or heparin
-prevents clots in sample
citrate
binds to calcium
heparin
blocks clotting factors
serum
plasma with no coagulant factors
what surrounds tissue cells?
interstitial fluid
-it has the same electrolyte composition as plasma
what is an example of a microenvironement?
the blood brain barrier
blood smear
-not put in paraffin
-monolayer of cells
-air dry
-stained
what is the stain name for blood smear?
romanovsky stain
-eosin + blue
granulocytes
-neutrophils
-eosinophils
-basophils
agranulocytes
-lymphocytes
-monocytes
what do basic dyes stain?
-nuclei, granules of basophiles and rna of cytoplasm
what do acidic dyes stain?
rythrocutes and granules of eosinophils
what is basic dye?
-azures
-metachromatic (will look violet/ red)
erythrocyte characteristics
-no nucleus
-bind oxygen to deliver it and co2 to remove
-7.8 nm diameter
-.8nm central thickness
-last 120 days
-uniform eosin stain
-lipid bilayer w 2 proteins
-have hemoglobin
what removed rbc?
-macrophased in spleen, bone marrow and liver
2 proteins of erythrocytes
-integral and peripheral proteins
integral proteins
-membrane proteins
-band 3 protein
-blood group antigen
-glycophorin (attach protein network tot he membrane)
what does band 3 protein do?
binds hemoglobin and anchors cytoskeleton proteins
peripheral proteins
-inside the cell membrane
-lattice network that is parallel to membrane and anchored by globular proteins
hemoglobin
protein that binds 02 and co2
-cause uniform eosin stain
hba = adults
leukocytes
-2 types (either have or dont have specific granules)
-all have azurophilic granules
have specific granulocytes
granulocytes
dont have granulocytes
agranulocytes
azurophilic granules
lysosomes
-digest material with hydrolases
neutrophils
-wbc
-the most of these wbc in the blood
-multilobbed nucleus
-ploymorph
-2-4 lobes joined by nuclear strands
-not static
-has specific, azurphilic and tertiery granules
-mobile cells
-and the first cells to enter damage
what does the x chromosome do?
create a barr body on one lobe
specific granules
-secondary
-smallest
-have enzymes
-most common
tertiery
-have phosphates
-metalloproteinase (collagenases)
what helps the neutrophil migrate through connective tissue?
metalloproteinase
what controls the migration of neutrophils?
adhesion molecules on the surface that interact w ligands on epithelial cells
phases of adhesion molecules
-selectins (first)
-integrins (second)
-immunoglobulin (third)
-once they attach the neutrophil extends a pseudopod to an intercellular junction
-respiratory burst (used for intracellular killing)
what causes neutrophil granulocyte appearance?
actin filaments
what directs the neutrophil to site of damage?
chemotaxis
how do neutrophils kill?
phagosome (eat bacteria)
lyeloperoxidase
lysosomal enzyme
nitrogen intermediaries
do NOT kill bateria in humans
-only oxy do
how are bacteria killed w oxygen?
-the oxy breaks down the membrane
-lysosomal hydrolytic enzyme eats it
-THIS IS LESS EFFICIENT THAN THE OXYGEN PATHWAY
MONOCYTE
-SECONDARY RESPONSE TO INJURY
-become macrophages
-phacotye debris
what happens at the same time as monocyte response to injusry?
fibroblasts release ground substance
