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histology > Chapter 10 part 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 10 part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Plasma

A

Liquid ecm and protein rich

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2
Q

Erythrocyte

A

RBC

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3
Q

Leukocyte

A

WBC

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4
Q

Platelets

A

Thrombocytes, 90% water

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5
Q

Hematocrit

A

Packed erythrocytes, like lab work

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6
Q

Plasma make up

A

90 percent water, 10 percent i

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7
Q

proteins in plasma

A

albumin, globulins and fibrogen
-all but the large protein can diffuse through wall into intracellular space

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8
Q

albumin

A

-main plasma protein
-smallest protein
-made in liver
-colloid osmotic pressure
-

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9
Q

globulins

A

-immunglobulin and nonimuno globulin

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10
Q

immuno

A

-immune system moelcule that is made by the plasma cell

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11
Q

nonimmuno

A

-made by the liver
-maintains osmotic pressure
-IS THE CARRIER PROTEIN FOR IRON AND HEMOGLOBIN

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12
Q

fibrogen

A

largest protein
-turns into fibrin (insoluble protein)
-cant diffuse

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13
Q

bloodclot

A

network of erythrocytes in a network of fibrin

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14
Q

anticoagulant

A

-citrate or heparin
-prevents clots in sample

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15
Q

citrate

A

binds to calcium

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16
Q

heparin

A

blocks clotting factors

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17
Q

serum

A

plasma with no coagulant factors

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18
Q

what surrounds tissue cells?

A

interstitial fluid
-it has the same electrolyte composition as plasma

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19
Q

what is an example of a microenvironement?

A

the blood brain barrier

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20
Q

blood smear

A

-not put in paraffin
-monolayer of cells
-air dry
-stained

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21
Q

what is the stain name for blood smear?

A

romanovsky stain
-eosin + blue

22
Q

granulocytes

A

-neutrophils
-eosinophils
-basophils

23
Q

agranulocytes

A

-lymphocytes
-monocytes

24
Q

what do basic dyes stain?

A

-nuclei, granules of basophiles and rna of cytoplasm

25
Q

what do acidic dyes stain?

A

rythrocutes and granules of eosinophils

26
Q

what is basic dye?

A

-azures
-metachromatic (will look violet/ red)

27
Q

erythrocyte characteristics

A

-no nucleus
-bind oxygen to deliver it and co2 to remove
-7.8 nm diameter
-.8nm central thickness
-last 120 days
-uniform eosin stain
-lipid bilayer w 2 proteins
-have hemoglobin

28
Q

what removed rbc?

A

-macrophased in spleen, bone marrow and liver

29
Q

2 proteins of erythrocytes

A

-integral and peripheral proteins

30
Q

integral proteins

A

-membrane proteins
-band 3 protein
-blood group antigen
-glycophorin (attach protein network tot he membrane)

31
Q

what does band 3 protein do?

A

binds hemoglobin and anchors cytoskeleton proteins

32
Q

peripheral proteins

A

-inside the cell membrane
-lattice network that is parallel to membrane and anchored by globular proteins

33
Q

hemoglobin

A

protein that binds 02 and co2
-cause uniform eosin stain
hba = adults

34
Q

leukocytes

A

-2 types (either have or dont have specific granules)
-all have azurophilic granules

35
Q

have specific granulocytes

A

granulocytes

36
Q

dont have granulocytes

A

agranulocytes

37
Q

azurophilic granules

A

lysosomes
-digest material with hydrolases

38
Q

neutrophils

A

-wbc
-the most of these wbc in the blood
-multilobbed nucleus
-ploymorph
-2-4 lobes joined by nuclear strands
-not static
-has specific, azurphilic and tertiery granules
-mobile cells
-and the first cells to enter damage

39
Q

what does the x chromosome do?

A

create a barr body on one lobe

40
Q

specific granules

A

-secondary
-smallest
-have enzymes
-most common

41
Q

tertiery

A

-have phosphates
-metalloproteinase (collagenases)

42
Q

what helps the neutrophil migrate through connective tissue?

A

metalloproteinase

43
Q

what controls the migration of neutrophils?

A

adhesion molecules on the surface that interact w ligands on epithelial cells

44
Q

phases of adhesion molecules

A

-selectins (first)
-integrins (second)
-immunoglobulin (third)
-once they attach the neutrophil extends a pseudopod to an intercellular junction
-respiratory burst (used for intracellular killing)

45
Q

what causes neutrophil granulocyte appearance?

A

actin filaments

46
Q

what directs the neutrophil to site of damage?

A

chemotaxis

47
Q

how do neutrophils kill?

A

phagosome (eat bacteria)

48
Q

lyeloperoxidase

A

lysosomal enzyme

49
Q

nitrogen intermediaries

A

do NOT kill bateria in humans
-only oxy do

50
Q

how are bacteria killed w oxygen?

A

-the oxy breaks down the membrane
-lysosomal hydrolytic enzyme eats it
-THIS IS LESS EFFICIENT THAN THE OXYGEN PATHWAY

51
Q

MONOCYTE

A

-SECONDARY RESPONSE TO INJURY
-become macrophages
-phacotye debris

52
Q

what happens at the same time as monocyte response to injusry?

A

fibroblasts release ground substance

histology (20 decks)

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