Insomnie Flashcards

1
Q

distinguer insomnie des autres tb psy e.g.

A

apnée du sommeil, trouble du sommeil non-REM, syndrome des jambes sans repos, somnambulisme ou parler pendant le sommeil

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2
Q

anamnèse insomnie ne pas oublier

A

la version du partenaire de lit ou des parents

prise de médicaments (sur ordonnance et en
vente libre, drogues récréatives), de caféine et d’alcool

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3
Q

conseils insomnie non pharmaco

A

limitations
de caféine
siestes
temps devant un écran
suivre
un horaire régulier de sommeil

activités dans la chambre à coucher limitées au sommeil et aux activités sexuelles

TCC

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4
Q

lorsqu’on début un somnifère (3)

A

1) infirmer des risques + limitations de l’effet dans le temps

2) prescrivez les seulement si l’insomnie entraîne d’importantes
conséquences sur l’autonomie fonctionnelle, ne les
prescrivez pas sans indication claire

3) plan de réduction de la dose visant l’arrêt du médicament

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5
Q

phases du sommeil qui peuvent être affectées

A

initiation (insomnie initiale)

maintenance (insomnie de maintien)

insomnie terminale - réveil précoce et incapable de se rendormir

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6
Q

ddx

A

Psychiatric

Medical

Rx

Sleep Disorders

Restless legs syndrome

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7
Q

Nocturnal Leg Cramps

A

r/o hypocalcemia, r/o drug (inhaled LABA, diuretics)

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8
Q

2 legs syndroms casuing insomnie

A

Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS)
vs nocturnal cramps

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9
Q

Insomnia causes psychiatric (4)

A

Depression**

Anxiety**

Substance use (especially EtOH, caffeine, nicotine, stimulants)

Post-traumatic stress disorder

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10
Q

Insomnia causes medical (4)

A

Hyperthyroidism

Diabetes (nycturie)

Medication (CNS stimulants/depressants, bronchodilators, antidepressants, beta antagonists, glucocorticoids)

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11
Q

Insomnia rx causes (4)

A

CNS stimulants/depressants

bronchodilators - beta antagonists

antidepressants

glucocorticoids

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12
Q

Insomnia Sleep Disorders

A
  • Hypersomnolence disorder
  • Narcolepsy
  • Circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorders (eg in adolescents)

Non-REM Sleep Arousal Disorders:
Sleep terrors
Sleep walking

  • Restless legs syndrome
  • Obstructive Sleep Apnea**
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13
Q

Narcolepsy sx

A

excessive daytime sleepiness, sleep-related hallucinations, sleep paralysis, disturbed nocturnal sleep, and cataplexy.

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14
Q

cataplexy definition

A

sudden muscle weakness that occurs while a person is awake

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15
Q

Investigations to consider (6)

A

TSH

fasting glucose

Ferritin
Mg
renal function
B12 (restless leg syndrome)

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16
Q

Different types of treatement (broad categories) 6

A

sleep hygiene (no coffee, ROH, big meals routine)

stimulus control (bed = only for sleep and sex)

sleep consolidation - restriction therapy

relaxation therapy

CBT for insomnia

17
Q

Rx for sleep risks

A

Generally pharmacotherapy has high risks

  • Fatigue
  • Cognitive effects (memory impairment)
  • Fall, motor vehicle accident, fracture, mortality
18
Q

Rx for sleep benefits

A

Minimal benefits

Increased total sleep time by 25 minutes

Decrease sleep latency by 10 minutes

19
Q

when to prescribe Rx

A

when disordered sleep has a severe impact on function, and only with a clear indication

20
Q

adverse effects are most common in which population

A

the elderly

21
Q

Pharmacologic agents

A

histamine receptor agonist: Doxepin (minimal risk of tolérance)

z-drugs:
- zopiclone
- zolpidem

benzos:
- temazepam

melatonin
valerian

22
Q

generally not recommended (lol)

A

Antidepressants: e.g., mirtazapine, amitriptyline, nortriptyline

Antipsychotics: e.g., quetiapine, (Seroquel), methotrimeprazine (Nozinan)

Muscle relaxants: e.g., cyclobenzaprine