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Year 2 - Alimentary System > Inflammatory Bowel Disease > Flashcards

Inflammatory Bowel Disease Flashcards

1
Q

chrons disease symptoms

A

abdominal pain

diarrhoea

fever

weight loss

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2
Q

IBD aetiology

A

possible environmental trigger

genetically susceptible people

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3
Q

Environmental triggers to IBD

A

role of bacteria

diet

vaccination history

social factors

ethnicity

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4
Q

ulcerative colitis presents with

A

bloody diarrhoea

abdominal pain

weight loss

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5
Q

what is ulcerative colitis?

A

continuous inflammation with variable distribution and severity

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6
Q

clinical features of ulcerative colitis

A

more than 6 stools a day

fever

tachycardia

CRP raised

Anaemia

leucocytosis

thrombocytosis

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7
Q

chron’s disease is a patchy disease that presents with

A

skip lesions

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8
Q

chron’s disease clinical features

A

diarrhoea

abdominal pain

weight loss

malaise, lethargy, anorexia, N+V, low-grade fever

malabsorption (anaemia, vitamin deficiency)

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9
Q

CRP

A

C-reactive protein

test for inflammation

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10
Q

IBD tests that show inflammatory indices

A

High WCC

High ESR + CRP

High platelet count

Low Hb

Low albumin

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11
Q

ESR

A

erythrocyte sedimentation rate

test for inflammation - its a marker

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12
Q

Histology of ulcerative colitis

A

goblet cells are depleted

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13
Q

histology of chron’s disease

A

granulomas

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14
Q

Chron’s disease includes conditions such as

A

fistulae

peri- anal symptoms

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15
Q

IBD: Extra-intestinal manifestations

Eyes

A

uvetitis

conjunctivits

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16
Q

IBD: Extra-intestinal manifestations

joints

A

sacroilititis

arthritis

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17
Q

IBD: Extra-intestinal manifestations

liver and biliary tree

A

fatty change

gallstones

pericholangitis

18
Q

cholestasis

A

a decrease in bile flow due to impaired secretion by hepatocytes or to obstruction of bile flow through intra-or extrahepatic bile ducts

19
Q

Sclerosing cholangitis is an Associated liver disease of IBD. what is it?

A

disease of the bile ducts

multiple strictures

slowly and progressively can lead to cirrhosis

20
Q

medical management of IBD

out patient

A

5ASA

steriods

immunosuppression

21
Q

medical management of IBD

hospital

A

steriods

anticoagulation

rest

(occasionally surgery)

22
Q

Aminosalicylates (5ASA)

A

group of anti-inflammatory drugs used to treat chrons and ulcerative colitis

23
Q

5ASA in UC results in

A

reduced numer and severity of relapses

higher mucosal levels = greater benefit

24
Q

5ASA treatment in UC leads to a reduced risk of

A

CRC

colorectal carcinoma

25
Q

CRC

A

colorectal carcinoma

26
Q

steroids used include

A

prednisolone

budenoside

27
Q

immunosuppressants (3)

A

ciclosporin (salvage therapy for refractory UC)

mycophenolate

tacrolimus

28
Q

exclusive elemental feeding can be as effective as

A

steroids

29
Q

Failure of medical therapy can lead to…

A

recurrent courses of steroids

relapse after therapy stops

failure to control symptoms

30
Q

Poor response to medicine leads to

A

fistulas

fibrotic strictures

peri-anal disease

severe fulminating disease

31
Q

surgery for severe colitis

A

total colectomy

rectal preservation

ileostomy

32
Q

ileostomy

A

is a stoma (surgical opening) constructed by bringing the end or loop of small intestine (the ileum) out onto the surface of the skin, or the surgical procedure which creates this opening

33
Q

colectomy

A

removing all or part of the colon

34
Q

after a total colectomy the patient will end up with an

A

end ileostomy and a rectal stump

35
Q

chronic UC can be treated surgically either by….. or…..

A

pouch procedure (no ileostomy)

protocolectomy (ileostomy)

36
Q

pouch procedure

A

the ileum is attached to the anus after the rectum has been removed

37
Q

surgical options for chron’s disease

A

small intestine

ileocaecal area

colon and rectum

38
Q

anus symptoms in chrons can be

A

fissures

abscesses

fistulas

skin tags

39
Q

chrons surgical indications

A

failure of medicine

to receive obstructive symptoms (small bowel)

fistula

intra-abdominal abscess

anal conditions

failure to thrive

40
Q

order of treatment for IBD

A

5ASA

prednisone or budesonide

immunomodulators

biologic agents

surgery

41
Q

biologic agents used to treat IBD include:

A

anti-TNFalpha antibodies

alpha4b7 intern blockers

IL12/IL23 blockers

Year 2 - Alimentary System (31 decks)

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