INFECTIOUS DISEASES (VIRAL INFECTIONS) Flashcards
________ is a acute viral infections that affects multiple organs and causes a wide range of disease from mild, self-limited infections to severe systemic manifestations
measles
measles virus is a single stranded RNA virus of the ________– family
paramyxoviridae family
Measles Morphology
ulcerated mucosal lesions in the oral cavity near the opening of the stensen ducts (the pathognomonic ________) are marked by necrosis, neutrophilic exudate, and neurovascularization
koplik spots
Measles Morphology
the large lymphoid organs typically have marked follicular hyperplasia, large germinal centers and randomly distributed multinucleate giant cells called ______________
Warthin-Finkeldley cells
___________ is an acute systemic viral infection usually associated with pain and swelling of the salivary glands
mumps
MORPHOLOGY OF MUMPS
___________ is bilateral in 70% of cases, the affected glands are enlarged, have a doughy consistency, and are moist, glistening-and reddish brown on cross section.
mumps parotitis
MORPHOLOGY OF MUMPS
in ____________, testicular swelling may be marked caused by edema, mononuclear cell infiltration, and focal hemorrhages
mumps orchitis
MORPHOLOGY OF MUMPS
_________ is associated with perivenous demylenitation and perivascular monuclear cuffing
mumps encephalitis
______________ causes an acute systemic viral infection, leading to a wide range of manifestations, from mild, self-limited infections to paralysis of limb muscles and respiratory muscles
poliomyelitis
______________ causes an acute systemic infection that has very two very different presentations: a mild self limited infection or neuroinvasive disease associated with long term neurologic sequelae
west nile virus infections
_____________ is a severe life threatening multisystem syndrome in which there is a vascular damage leading to widespread hemorrhage and shock
viral hemorrhagic fever
___________ is a flavivirus that was discovered in 1947 and was subsequently found to be widespread in africa, asia and middle east
common findings in newborn children include microcephaly, ventriculomegaly, and congenital joint contractures and pulmonary hypoplasia
zika virus
___________ is a flavivirus transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes in tropical and subtropical regions
clinical manifestations:
headache
macular rash
severe myalgias
hemorrhagic fever with bleeding
plasma leakage leading to shock and respiratory distress
dengue
_____________ called COVID 19 was first detected in wuhan china and was reported to WHO in december 2019.
clinical manifestations ranged from mild to severe respiratory illness
SARS-CoV 2
___________ is defined as the persistence of viral genomes in cells that do not produce infectious virus
Latency infections
(Herpesvirus infections)
SUBGROUPS OF HUMAN HERPESVIRUSES
________ including HSV-1, HSV-2 and VSV infect epithelial cells and produce latent infection in postmitotic neurons
alpha group viruses
SUBGROUPS OF HUMAN HERPESVIRUSES
_________ including CMV and human herpes viruses 6 and 7 which infect and produce latent infection in a variety of cell types
Beta group viruses
SUBGROUPS OF HUMAN HERPESVIRUSES
____________ including EBV AND Kaposi sarcoma associated virus produce latent infection mainly in lympoid cells
gamma virus
SUBGROUPS OF HUMAN HERPESVIRUSES
_________ is an old world monkey virus that resembles HSV-1 can cause fatal neurologic disease in animal handlers usually resulting from an animal bite
herpesvirus simiae
acute infection with ______________ causes chicken poxes and reactivation of latent _________ causes shingles (also called herpes zoster)
varicella zoster virus
________ occurs when varicella zoster virus that has long remained latent in the dorsal root ganglia after a previous chickenpox infection is reactivated and infects sensory nerves that carry it to one or more dermatomes
shingles
________ a beta group herpesvirus can produce a variety of disease manifestations, depending on the age of the host and more importantly on the host’s immune status
cytomegalovirus infections
_________ causes infectious mononucleosis, a benign, self limited lumphoproliferative disorder, and is associated with the pathogenesis of several human tumors most commonly certain lymphomas and nasopharingeal carcinoma
epstein barr virus
