Infectious Diseases Part 1

Question 1

True or False: infectious disease is something to worry about when you get older

Answer 1

true

Question 2

What is a pathogen

Answer 2

anything that can make you sick. they are everywhere

Question 3

classes of infectious agents

Answer 3

bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites, prions

Question 4

bacteria vs viruses

Answer 4

bacteria: organisms (cells that are living, own organelles) ex. e. coli, tetanus, tuberculosis
Viruses: smaller, combination of proteins, use our bodies DNA/RNA cells and organelles to reproduce

Question 5

will antibiotics help with viruses?

Answer 5

no, only bacterial infections

Question 6

what is fungus?

Answer 6

forms black mold. if spores are inhaled, you can get sick

Question 7

true or false: toxins from mold can survive cooking

Answer 7

FALSE, do not cook moldy food

Question 8

what is a parasite?

Answer 8

organisms that live off of the host that can carry disease

Question 9

Treatment for mad cow disease

Answer 9

none

Question 10

how pathogens enter the human body

Answer 10

vector-borne: being bitten
contaminated medical supplies
direct penetration (a worm can directly go in)
ocular (in through eyes)
respiratory: breath it in
oral: eat it
Urogenitcal/rectal

Question 11

how does the cycle of infection happen?

Answer 11

pathogen enter your body, reproduces inside you, leaves and goes to next person

Question 12

how do you deal with the transmission of any diseases?

Answer 12

all are different. based off of how it is transmitted is how you can prevent spreading the disease

Question 13

True or false: after entering the body, the pathogen always leads to infection or disease

Answer 13

false. our immune system

Question 14

what can tears from your eyes do in terms of bacteria?

Answer 14

filter bacteria out so it does not get in

Question 15

what is an immediate inflammatory response for?

Answer 15

to kill things as soon as they enter the body

Question 16

what happens during an immediate inflammatory response? (why we wont get sick)

Answer 16

when something enters the body, histamines attract white blood cells, blood flow is increase to bring more WBC, the white blood cells attack the infection, and pus is the collection of dead white blood cells and debris, platelets seal the wound

Question 17

explain phagocytosis

Answer 17

WBC engulf (eat) pathogens, trap it in an enzyme that will break it down

Question 18

what is the innate immunity?

Answer 18

the immune system we are born with. how our body knows how to attack diseases (immediate inflammatory response is an example of this)

Question 19

what is the adaptive immunity?

Answer 19

our learned immune system. you know the signals of what that virus is, responses remember antigens. every virus has a marker that your body can recognize
- basically remembers antigens from getting it before and recognizes it should not be in the cell

Question 20

explain how adaptive immunity works

Answer 20

virus that has antigens, macrophages consume viruses and display their antigen, helper T cells read info and send productive of beta and T cells, the T cells and natural killers will destroy the infected body cells and the beta cells produce antibodies that bind to the virus and macrophages will identify these viruses that are attached by the antibodies, and body remembers these.
- these are the antibodies i use to kill off this virus

Question 21

disorders of the immune system

Answer 21

• deficiency
• overactive
• attacks yourself

Question 22

immune system can become deficient from?

Answer 22

born with it, smoking, poor nutrition, alcohol, stress

Question 23

what is an overactive immune system?

Answer 23

the innate immune system response to things that are not harmful (dust, pollen and food [essentially allergies])
examples: asthma, eczema