Cardiovascular Disease Part 1

Question 1

What sex is more likely to die from cardiovascular disease?

Answer 1

Male

Question 2

Risk factors for CVD?

Answer 2

• family history
• Race and ethnicity
• Age and sex
• male baldness pattern
• smoking
• physical activity
• diet
• obesity

Question 3

For men: the more balding you have, the ________________________.

Answer 3

Higher risk for C.V.D. you have

Question 4

What is balding caused by?

Answer 4

Not caused by differences in testosterone. But is caused by differences in the receptor density to testosterone. in other words, you have more receptors on your hair follicles that will bond to the testosterone killing off that hair follicle causing the baldness.

Question 5

What does smoking cause?

Answer 5

High blood pressure, high clotting, high bad cholesterol (LDL), low good cholesterol HDL and low exercise tolerance

Question 6

What is EVALI?

Answer 6

E-cigarette, or vaping, product use-associated lung injury

Question 7

How does testing of EVALI work?

Answer 7

No single test because it is relatively new, so it is a process of elimination.

Question 8

Symptoms of evali?

Answer 8

Shortness of breath, fever and chilis, cough, vomiting, diarrhea, headache, dizziness, rapid heartrate, chest pain

Question 9

True or false: e-vaping studies are starting off in the same way that cigarettes did in the 1920s.

Answer 9

True

Question 10

Where does the positive outcomes of wine come from? What does this suggest?

Answer 10

Skin of grapes, suggests to just eat grapes.

Question 11

What is interesting when comparing alcohol sales vs alcohol consumption in Canada?

Answer 11

People buy more than they consume.

Question 12

What were the old alcohol intake guidelines?

Answer 12

Women: 2/day or 10/week, men: 3/day or 15/week

Question 13

When was the first time Canada food guide addressed chronic disease?

Answer 13

1982

Question 14

Do people eat more now or in the 70’s?

Answer 14

In the 70’S, about 400 kcal difference in men and a bout 200 kcal difference in women

Question 15

Energy intake in Canada is going down while obesity is going?

Answer 15

Up

Question 16

Why might heart disease rates gone down in relation to fat intake?

Answer 16

We used to intake 40% fat in our diet and now only 30%

Question 17

What causes higher cholesterol, eating high cholesterol or high saturated fats?

Answer 17

High saturated fats

Question 18

Explain cholesterol of metabolism.

Answer 18

You eat, liver shoots out the LDL that goes to body tissues and gives off triglycerides and some cholesterol for energy, LDL keeps traveling to intestines, HDL picks up extra cholesterols being dropped off by LDL’s, then HDL goes back to liver to repackage again

Question 19

How are the fatty streaks (atherosclerosis) that accumulate that lead to heart disease or cardiovascular disease formed?

Answer 19

Sometimes LDL doesn’t make it to body tissues but it gets stuck in the walls of the arteries.

Question 20

What causes plaque deposits within the arteries?

Answer 20

LDL will migrate into walls of the arteries, where it is oxidized by White bloods cells (they’re trying to clean up), there is so much LDL that they get so full they rupture, and then become a plaque that accumulates in the walls of arteries.