Cardiovascular Disease Part 1 Flashcards
What sex is more likely to die from cardiovascular disease?
Male
Risk factors for CVD?
- family history
- Race and ethnicity
- Age and sex
- male baldness pattern
- smoking
- physical activity
- diet
- obesity
For men: the more balding you have, the ________________________.
Higher risk for C.V.D. you have
What is balding caused by?
Not caused by differences in testosterone. But is caused by differences in the receptor density to testosterone. in other words, you have more receptors on your hair follicles that will bond to the testosterone killing off that hair follicle causing the baldness.
What does smoking cause?
High blood pressure, high clotting, high bad cholesterol (LDL), low good cholesterol HDL and low exercise tolerance
What is EVALI?
E-cigarette, or vaping, product use-associated lung injury
How does testing of EVALI work?
No single test because it is relatively new, so it is a process of elimination.
Symptoms of evali?
Shortness of breath, fever and chilis, cough, vomiting, diarrhea, headache, dizziness, rapid heartrate, chest pain
True or false: e-vaping studies are starting off in the same way that cigarettes did in the 1920s.
True
Where does the positive outcomes of wine come from? What does this suggest?
Skin of grapes, suggests to just eat grapes.
What is interesting when comparing alcohol sales vs alcohol consumption in Canada?
People buy more than they consume.
What were the old alcohol intake guidelines?
Women: 2/day or 10/week, men: 3/day or 15/week
When was the first time Canada food guide addressed chronic disease?
1982
Do people eat more now or in the 70’s?
In the 70’S, about 400 kcal difference in men and a bout 200 kcal difference in women
Energy intake in Canada is going down while obesity is going?
Up
Why might heart disease rates gone down in relation to fat intake?
We used to intake 40% fat in our diet and now only 30%
What causes higher cholesterol, eating high cholesterol or high saturated fats?
High saturated fats
Explain cholesterol of metabolism.
You eat, liver shoots out the LDL that goes to body tissues and gives off triglycerides and some cholesterol for energy, LDL keeps traveling to intestines, HDL picks up extra cholesterols being dropped off by LDL’s, then HDL goes back to liver to repackage again
How are the fatty streaks (atherosclerosis) that accumulate that lead to heart disease or cardiovascular disease formed?
Sometimes LDL doesn’t make it to body tissues but it gets stuck in the walls of the arteries.
What causes plaque deposits within the arteries?
LDL will migrate into walls of the arteries, where it is oxidized by White bloods cells (they’re trying to clean up), there is so much LDL that they get so full they rupture, and then become a plaque that accumulates in the walls of arteries.
