Bioenergetics and Metabolism Flashcards
How long does recovery take in the ATP-CP system?
3-15 min
What is the fuel for the ATP-CP system?
creatine phosphate
How long does the ATP-CP system last?
10-15 seconds
How does Prof. Rowan tell us to think of the term glycolysis?
“breaking down glucose”
- lysis means cutting up something
What is the rate of ATP production in the glycolysis system?
Fast(ish)
- slower than ATP-CP
- faster than oxidative
Glycolysis system is used for what duration of activity?
10sec-2min and the first 60sec are anaerobic predominantly
where is glycolysis taking place and is oxygen required in glycolysis?
cytosol of the cell and no
where is glycogen stored?
liver, muscle and small amount in the blood
does glycolysis require ATP to happen?
yes. two need to be used in glycolysis to produce 4 later. (net: 2)
what happens in the first half (first five) steps of glycolysis?
glucose is being split from one 6carbon molecule into two, 3Carbon molecules (split into two)
- enzyme driven
what happens at the second half of glycolysis?
the two 3Carbon molecules form into 2 pyruvate
- enzyme driven
how many NADH’s are produced in glycolysis?
2
what are the two potential outcomes with pyruvate after glycolysis?
- acetyl-coA
- lactate can be produced in anaerobic situations
where does the krebs cycle and the oxidative phosphorylation process happen?
organelles within our muscle cells called MITOCHONDRIA
how long can ATP last in the oxidative system?
hours
after how long does the oxidative system start?
2 minutes
if the oxidative system is in effect, are the two other systems not?
no. Glycolysis system is still in effect at a slower rate but the ATP-CP system is completely off.
what do we need in order for the oxidative system to be efficient?
glycolysis system
what is the fuel for the oxidative system?
fat and carbohydrates. Fat when intensity is low and carbs when intensity is high
what type of advantage will someone have if they have more mitochondria?
be able to do more aerobic exercise because they will have a higher VO2 max
how much ATP is created in the krebs (citric acid) cycle?
2
how much ATP is created in the oxidative phosphorylation cycle?
32-34 depending on how much NADH from glycolysis enters into the mitochondria
two acetyl-CoA in the krebs cycle produces what?
2 ATP, 2 FADH2, 6 NADH which goes into the oxidative phosphorylation (ETC)
is O2 present in krebs and the ETC?
yes
what happens with NADH and FADH2 in the ETC?
their electrons and hydrogen ions are moving. Hydrogen ions are moving from the matrix into a space where a electrochemical gradient is created and then back down through ATP synthase where ADP and P are packaged into ATP
- essentially, the gradient of hydrogen ions and the different in that charge is giving the energy to ADP + P to package it together
- it is the energy from the electrochemical gradient and the movement of these hydrogen ions that enables ATP to be produced
