Bioenergetics and Metabolism

Question 1

How long does recovery take in the ATP-CP system?

Answer 1

3-15 min

Question 2

What is the fuel for the ATP-CP system?

Answer 2

creatine phosphate

Question 3

How long does the ATP-CP system last?

Answer 3

10-15 seconds

Question 4

How does Prof. Rowan tell us to think of the term glycolysis?

Answer 4

“breaking down glucose”
- lysis means cutting up something

Question 5

What is the rate of ATP production in the glycolysis system?

Answer 5

Fast(ish)
- slower than ATP-CP
- faster than oxidative

Question 6

Glycolysis system is used for what duration of activity?

Answer 6

10sec-2min and the first 60sec are anaerobic predominantly

Question 7

where is glycolysis taking place and is oxygen required in glycolysis?

Answer 7

cytosol of the cell and no

Question 8

where is glycogen stored?

Answer 8

liver, muscle and small amount in the blood

Question 9

does glycolysis require ATP to happen?

Answer 9

yes. two need to be used in glycolysis to produce 4 later. (net: 2)

Question 10

what happens in the first half (first five) steps of glycolysis?

Answer 10

glucose is being split from one 6carbon molecule into two, 3Carbon molecules (split into two)

• enzyme driven

Question 11

what happens at the second half of glycolysis?

Answer 11

the two 3Carbon molecules form into 2 pyruvate

• enzyme driven

Question 12

how many NADH’s are produced in glycolysis?

Answer 12

2

Question 13

what are the two potential outcomes with pyruvate after glycolysis?

Answer 13

1. acetyl-coA
2. lactate can be produced in anaerobic situations

Question 14

where does the krebs cycle and the oxidative phosphorylation process happen?

Answer 14

organelles within our muscle cells called MITOCHONDRIA

Question 15

how long can ATP last in the oxidative system?

Answer 15

hours

Question 16

after how long does the oxidative system start?

Answer 16

2 minutes

Question 17

if the oxidative system is in effect, are the two other systems not?

Answer 17

no. Glycolysis system is still in effect at a slower rate but the ATP-CP system is completely off.

Question 17

what do we need in order for the oxidative system to be efficient?

Answer 17

glycolysis system

Question 17

what is the fuel for the oxidative system?

Answer 17

fat and carbohydrates. Fat when intensity is low and carbs when intensity is high

Question 18

what type of advantage will someone have if they have more mitochondria?

Answer 18

be able to do more aerobic exercise because they will have a higher VO2 max

Question 19

how much ATP is created in the krebs (citric acid) cycle?

Answer 19

2

Question 20

how much ATP is created in the oxidative phosphorylation cycle?

Answer 20

32-34 depending on how much NADH from glycolysis enters into the mitochondria

Question 21

two acetyl-CoA in the krebs cycle produces what?

Answer 21

2 ATP, 2 FADH2, 6 NADH which goes into the oxidative phosphorylation (ETC)

Question 22

is O2 present in krebs and the ETC?

Answer 22

yes

Question 23

what happens with NADH and FADH2 in the ETC?

Answer 23

their electrons and hydrogen ions are moving. Hydrogen ions are moving from the matrix into a space where a electrochemical gradient is created and then back down through ATP synthase where ADP and P are packaged into ATP

• essentially, the gradient of hydrogen ions and the different in that charge is giving the energy to ADP + P to package it together
• it is the energy from the electrochemical gradient and the movement of these hydrogen ions that enables ATP to be produced