Infection and response Flashcards
What are pathogens?
They are micro-organisms
They are communicable and plants and animals can also become infected by them.
What is bacteria?
Bacteria are small cells
They reproduce in the body very quickly.
Toxins are produced to make you feel ill and damage your cells and tissues.
what are viruses?
They are smaller than bacteria
They reproduce quickly also.
They replicate as they live inside our cells
Then they burst out of the cells releasing new viruses
What are protists?
They are multicellular
some protists are parasites that live on or inside other organisms
protists are often carried by a vector
What is fungi?
Some are single celled and some have hyphae
The hyphae penetrate and grow onto human skin
This can also occur on the surface of plants
How are pathogens spread?
Water e.g cholera
Air e.g influenza
Direct contact e.g athletes foot
Why have vaccinations been invented?
To protect and prevent us from having diseases
Prevent a pandemic or epidemic
What is vaccination?
The process of injecting a dead or weakened pathogen into the body.
Two vaccine pros
helps control communicable diseases that used to be common
epidemics can be prevented
Two vaccine cons
They don’t always work
people can have a bad reaction to it
salmonella is a bacteria, what are the symptoms?
Fever, stomach cramps , vomiting and Diarrhoea
What does the Uk do to prevent food poisoning?
They vaccinate the vast majority of the poultry in the Uk
How do you prevent the spread of salmonella
Hygiene - washing hand regularly
Destroying Vectors- using insecticides or destroying their habits
isolation- isolating the infected person prevents the spread
vaccination- making sure people can not develop the infection and pass it to other people
Measles is spread through droplets of liquid and coughing and sneezing, what are the symptoms?
Red rash on skin, fever
What does MMR stand for?
Measles, mumps and rubella
