Infection 10 - Immunodeficiency Diseases Flashcards
What is the underlying cause of a primary immunodeficiency disease?
Genetic defect:
- Missing immunoglobulin
- Missing T or B cell
- Non-functional components of immune system
What is a secondary immunodeficiency disease?
An acquired immunodeficiency disease, due to underlying disease/treatment
What are the 4 warning signs that suggest an immunodeficiency disease?
1) Severe infections (require hospital treatment)
2) Persistent infections (even with treatment)
3) Unusual infections (site/organism)
4) Recurrent infections
Use SPUR
If an individual has an antibody deficiency, what type of infections will they be prone to?
- Viral
- Bacterial
- Protozoan
What is the most common type of primary immunodeficiency disease?
Antibody deficiency
Name the 3 most common primary antibody deficiency diseases:
1) Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID)
2) IgA deficiency
3) Bruton’s disease (X-linked agammaglobinaemia)
If an individual has combined B + T cell immunodeficiency disease, what type of infections will they be prone to?
- Viral
- Fungal
- Bacterial
- Protozoan
Severe Combine Immunodeficiency Disease (SCID) is what type of immunodeficiency disease?
Combined B + T cell deficiency
If an individual has a phagocytic defect immunodeficiency disease, what type of infections will they be prone to?
- Bacterial
- Fungal
Chronic Granulomatous Disease is what type of immunodeficiency disease?
Phagocytic defect
If an individual has a complement deficiency disease, what type of infections will they be prone to?
- Bacterial infections
Why do primary antibody deficiency diseases present after 6 months of age?
Maternal IgG lasts until about 6 months of age
List some common causes of secondary immunodeficiency diseases:
- Malnutrition
- Infection
- Splenectomy
- Liver disease
- Lymphoproliferative diseases
- Haematological malignancies
- Protein-losing conditions (Nephropathy etc)
- Burns
