Immunopathology 1 Flashcards
List 3 types of patients with poor immune systems
- Infants
- Elderly
- Immunosupressed pts
List 3 types of patients with poor immune systems
- Infants
- Elderly
- Immunosupressed pts
Difference between innate and adaptive immunity?
- Innate Protection: skin, mucous membranes, tears, intestinal tract, nose
- Adaptive Protection: Body exposed to antigen, forms antibodies to destroy it
Difference between innate and adaptive immunity?
- Innate Protection: skin, mucous membranes, tears, intestinal tract, nose
- Adaptive Protection: Body exposed to antigen, forms antibodies to destroy it
Difference between T and B lymphocytes
T-Lymphocytes: Mature in Thymus
- Local effect
- Migrate to infected area
- Destroy infected cells
- Stimulate macrophages and B lymphocytes
B - Lymphocytes: Mature in Bone Marrow
- Systemic effect
- Circulate throughout body
- Great long-term immunity
- Produce antibodies, hypersensitivity
Difference between T and B lymphocytes
T-Lymphocytes: Mature in Thymus
- Local effect
- Migrate to infected area
- Destroy infected cells
- Stimulate macrophages and B lymphocytes
B - Lymphocytes: Mature in Bone Marrow
- Systemic effect
- Circulate throughout body
- Great long-term immunity
- Produce antibodies, hypersensitivity
List 3 types of T cells
- Helper T cells
- tattle tell (stimulate a response)
- Cytotoxic T Cells
- Assassin (only attacks if antigen is present)
- Natural Killer Cells
- Bully (always switched on, attacks anything foreign)
List 3 types of T cells
- Helper T cells
- tattle tell (stimulate a response)
- Cytotoxic T Cells
- Assassin (only attacks if antigen is present)
- Natural Killer Cells
- Bully (always switched on, attacks anything foreign)
Type I Hypersensativity Rxn
Immediate or Anaphylactic Rxn
- B lymphocytes causes excessive IgE production
- Mast cells release histamine causing inflammatory rxn
- Ex: hay fever, asthma, anaphylaxis
Type I Hypersensativity Rxn
Immediate or Anaphylactic Rxn
- B lymphocytes causes excessive IgE production
- Mast cells release histamine causing inflammatory rxn
- Ex: hay fever, asthma, anaphylaxis
Why is airflow decreased during an asthma attack?
Inflamed bronchioles go into spasm
Why is airflow decreased during an asthma attack?
Inflamed bronchioles go into spasm (constrict)
Pathological process for anaphylactic shock.
Symptoms to watch for?
Action to take?
PROCESS:
- Allergan exposure
- Excessive histamine release
- Vasodilation (low BP = shock response)
- Inflammation
- Decreased ability to breathe
SYMPTOMS:
- Difficulty breathing
- Rash
- Rapid/weak pulse
- Dizziness/weakness
- GI symp: vomiting, diarrhea, ab pain
TX:
- Notify EMS
- Treat for shock/monitor vitals
- Epinephrine
Pathological process for anaphylactic shock.
Symptoms to watch for?
Action to take?
PROCESS:
- Allergan exposure
- Excessive histamine release
- Vasodilation (low BP = shock response)
- Inflammation
- Decreased ability to breathe
SYMPTOMS:
- Difficulty breathing
- Rash
- Rapid/weak pulse
- Dizziness/weakness
- GI symp: vomiting, diarrhea, ab pain
TX:
- ER! Notify EMS
- Treat for shock/monitor vitals
- Epinephrine
