Cardiovascular 1

Question 1

Name natural pacemaker and its location

Answer 1

SA node in right atrium

Question 2

Systole vs Diastole

Answer 2

Systole: contraction phase
Diastole: relaxation phase

Question 3

Systole vs Diastole

Answer 3

Systole: contraction phase
Diastole: relaxation phase

Question 4

Pulse

Answer 4

Heart rate in beats/minute

Norm: 60-80 bpm

Question 5

Blood Pressure

Answer 5

Pressure exerted against walls of arteries during systole and diastole
Norm: 120/80 mmHg

Question 6

Stroke Volume

Answer 6

Amt of blood pumped from the heart during one contraction

Norm: 0.5-1.0 L per heart beat

Question 7

Cardiac Output

Answer 7

Amt of blood pumped from both ventricles in one minute

Norm: 4-5 L/min

Question 8

Preload

Answer 8

Amt of blood in heart before contraction

Norm: 250 mL

Question 9

Ejection Fraction

Answer 9

Ratio of preload to stroke vol

Norm 55-75%

Question 10

What factors can affect BP?

Answer 10

• Blood vol or viscosity
• Activity level
• Venous return
• Force of heart contraction
• Elasticity of arteries
• Hormones (causing vaso- dilation or constriction)

Question 11

Tools you can use to monitor cardiovascular status

Answer 11

Pulse ox
BP cuff and stethoscope
Borg Rating of Perceived Exertion Scale
Respiratory Rate

Question 12

Tools you can use to monitor cardiovascular status

Answer 12

Pulse ox
BP cuff and stethoscope
Borg Rating of Perceived Exertion Scale
Respiratory Rate

Question 13

General S&S of cardiac disease

Answer 13

Dyspnea (SOB)
Edema
Cyanosis
Chest/Referred Pain
A-fib/V-fib
Tachy/bradycardia
Palpitations
Syncope
Weakness
Fatigue