Immunohematology History

Question 1

Study of antigens on blood cell membranes and immune reactions of blood components.

Answer 1

Immunohematology.

Question 2

First transfusion performed.

Answer 2

1492 - Pope Innocent VII.

Question 3

Animal to human transfusion practice.

Answer 3

1667

Question 4

Transfused human blood to treat postpartum hemorrhage.

Answer 4

1829 - James Blundell.

Question 5

Discovered ABO blood group.

Answer 5

1901 - Karl Landsteiner.

Question 6

Discovered blood type AB.

Answer 6

1902 - Alfred von Descatello.

Question 7

Discovered subgroups of blood group A.

Answer 7

1911 - Dungren and Hirszfeld.

Question 8

Discovered Rh blood group.

Answer 8

1940 - Karl Landsteiner and Alex Wiener.

Question 9

Developed vein-to-vein transfusion method.

Answer 9

1913 - Edward Lindemann.

Question 10

Designed syringe-valve apparatus for blood transfusion.

Answer 10

1913 - Lester Unger.

Question 11

Recommended the use of sodium phosphate as an anticoagulant for blood transfusion.

Answer 11

1869 - Braxton Hicks.

Question 12

Reported the use of sodium citrate as an anticoagulant solution for blood transfusion.

Answer 12

1914 - Albert Hustin.

Question 13

Determined the minimum amount of citrate used for anticoagulant and demonstrated its nontoxicity in small amounts.

Answer 13

1915 - Richard Lewisohn.

Question 14

Introduced citrate dextrose solution for the preservation of blood.

Answer 14

1916 - Rous and Turner.

Question 15

Introduced the formula for preservative ACD (acid citrate dextrose).

Answer 15

1943 - Loutit and Mollison.

Question 16

Introduced improved preservative solution CPD, which was less acidic and eventually replaced ACD.

Answer 16

1957 - Gibson.

Question 17

Approved the use of adenine for blood preservation.

Answer 17

1978 - US FDA.

Question 18

First true predecessor of the modern blood bank.

Answer 18

Mayo Clinic.

Question 19

Coined the phrase ‘blood bank’ for the operation of storing blood for future use.

Answer 19

Bernard Fantus.

Question 20

Appointed first director of the American Red Cross and developed blood transfusion techniques during World War II.

Answer 20

1941 - Charles Drew.

Question 21

Landmark publication in the Journal of Clinical Investigation involving international efforts for blood preservation.

Answer 21

1947

Question 22

Developed first cell separator fractionation method yielding albumin, fibrinogen, and immunoglobulins.

Answer 22

1951 - Edwin Cohn.

Question 23

Used centrifugation technology to separate whole blood into plasma and red blood cells for the first reported therapeutic plasmapheresis procedure.

Answer 23

1960 - A. Solomon and J.L. Fahey.

Question 24

Described a system in which blood was collected in a collapsible bag of Murphy polyvinyl resin.

Answer 24

1952 - Carl Walter and William.

Question 25

First attempt at crossmatch procedure: major and minor crossmatch.

Answer 25

1907 - Weil and Oftenberg.

Question 26

Began antibody screening.

Answer 26

1950s.

Question 27

Made the minor crossmatch unnecessary.

Answer 27

1976 - AABB.

Question 28

Implemented abbreviated or immediate spin crossmatch in the absence of antibodies in current antibody screens or past records.

Answer 28

1980s.

Question 29

Proposed the elimination of in vitro crossmatch under certain defined circumstances and the adoption of computer crossmatch.

Answer 29

1990s.

Question 30

Invented ELISA.

Answer 30

1971 - Peter Perlmann and Eva Engvali.

Question 31

Developed Gel Technology.

Answer 31

1985 - Dr. Yves Lapierre.