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BLOODBANK/IMMUNOHEMATOLOGY > Blood Preservation and Banking > Flashcards

Blood Preservation and Banking Flashcards

1
Q

Blood collection or exposure to air through an open port.

A

Open system

shortens expiration due to potential bacterial contamination

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2
Q

Crucial areas for normal erythrocyte survival and function.

A

Normal RBC membrane composition and structure, Hemoglobin structure and function, RBC metabolism.

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3
Q

Goal of blood preservation.

A

Provide viable and functional blood components for transfusion.

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4
Q

FDA requirement for post-transfusion RBC survival.

A

Average 24-hour post-transfusion RBC survival must be more than 75%.

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5
Q

Chelates calcium to prevent coagulation

A

Citrate/Sodium Citrate

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6
Q

Maintains pH and adequate levels of 2,3-DPG

A

Phosphate buffer/Sodium diphosphate

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7
Q

Sugar to support RBC life and ATP production

A

Dextrose

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8
Q

Used in ATP synthesis, extends shelf-life from 21 to 35 days

A

Adenine

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9
Q

Decreased RBC storage lesion effect on RBCs.

A

Decreased % viable cells, Glucose, ATP, pH, 2-3 DPG.

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10
Q

Increased microaggregate effects in RBC storage.

A

Increased lactic acid, Plasma K+, Plasma hemoglobin.

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11
Q

Oxyhemoglobin-dissociation curve shift in RBC storage lesions.

A

Shift to the left, increase hemoglobin affinity for O2, decreased O2 delivery to tissues.

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12
Q

Acid citrate dextrose (ACD) storage

A

21 days storage period

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13
Q

Citrate phosphate dextrose (CPD) storage

A

21 days storage period

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14
Q

Citrate phosphate double dextrose (CP2D) storage

A

21 days storage period

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15
Q

Citrate phosphate dextrose adenine-2 (CPDA-2) storage

A

35 days storage period

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16
Q

Citrate phosphate dextrose adenine-1 (CPDA-1) storage (most common)

A

35 days storage period

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17
Q

Additive content in AS-1.

A

ADSOL (AS-1) - SALINE, ADENINE, GLUCOSE, MANNITOL

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18
Q

Additive content in AS-3.

A

NUTRICEL (AS-3) - SALINE, ADENINE, CITRATE, PHOSPHATE

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19
Q

Additive content in AS-5.

A

OPTISOL (AS-5) - SALINE, ADENINE, MANNITOL

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20
Q

Additive content in AS-7.

A

SOLX (AS-7) - SALINE, ADENINE, MANNITOL

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21
Q

Storage period for blood stored with AS-1, AS-3, AS-5, AS-7 additives.

A

42 DAYS

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22
Q

Sedimenting agent for WBC separation

A

Hydroxyethyl Starch (HES)

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23
Q

Corticosteroids (Prednisone or Dexamethasone) / Growth factors function

A

Increase circulating RBC

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24
Q

Male (FDA Double RBCs) requirement

A

130 lbs minimum, 5’1’’ height

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25
Q

Female (FDA Double RBCs) requirement

A

150 lbs minimum, 5’5’’ height

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26
Q

Hematocrit (FDA Double RBCs) requirement

A

> 40%

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27
Q

Single donor platelets (Whole blood)

A

Plateletpheresis

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28
Q

Apheresis is standard and acceptable, either as primary therapy or as a first-line adjunct to other initial therapies.

A

Category I

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29
Q

Apheresis is generally accepted in a supportive role or as second-line therapy, rather than first-line therapy.

A

Category II

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30
Q

Apheresis is not clearly indicated based on insufficient evidence, conflicting results, or inability to document a favorable risk-to-benefit ratio.

A

Category III

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31
Q

Apheresis has been demonstrated to lack efficacy or be harmful and should be discouraged in these disorders.

A

Category IV

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32
Q

FDA-recognized blood labeling languages.

A

ABC Codabar, ISBT 128

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33
Q

Blood label color indication for Blood Type A.

A

YELLOW

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34
Q

Blood label color indication for Blood Type B.

A

PINK

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35
Q

Blood label color indication for Blood Type AB.

A

WHITE

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36
Q

Blood label color indication for Blood Type O.

A

BLUE

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37
Q

Blood label color for hold for further processing.

A

TAN

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38
Q

Blood label color for emergency use only.

A

ORANGE

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39
Q

Blood label color for autologous use only.

40
Q

Blood label color for not for transfusion.

41
Q

Blood label color for irradiated blood.

42
Q

Blood label color for biohazard indication.

43
Q

Blood label color for therapeutic phlebotomy.

A

CHARTREUSE (YELLOW GREEN)

44
Q

Information found in the top left quadrant of the blood component label.

A

Donation and collection facility identifiers

45
Q

Information found in the bottom left quadrant of the blood component label.

A

Product description

46
Q

Information found in the top right quadrant of the blood component label.

A

Blood type

47
Q

Information found in the bottom right quadrant of the blood component label.

A

Expiration date and special labels

48
Q

Purpose of rejuvenation solutions.

A

Used to regenerate adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG) in red cells.

49
Q

Storage and rejuvenation process for red cells.

A

Red cells stored for fewer than 3 days after outdate are rejuvenated for 1-4 hours at 37°C with rejuvenation solution.

50
Q

Components of rejuvenation solutions (PIGPA,PIPA).

A

PIGPA: phosphate, inosine, glucose, pyruvate, adenine; PIPA: phosphate, inosine, pyruvate, adenine.

51
Q

FDA-approved rejuvenation solution in the US.

A

Rejuvesol.

52
Q

Whole blood submission for storage at 1-6°C.

A

Submit within 24 hours.

53
Q

Whole blood submission for storage at 20-24°C.

A

Submit within 6 hours.

54
Q

Whole blood for platelet preparation (CPDA within 8 hours, ACD within 6 hours).

A

Submit within 6-8 hours after collection.

55
Q

Donor blood unit processing.

A

All donor units are processed before being released for compatibility testing and transfusion.

56
Q

Shelf life of packed red blood cells (PRBCs)

A

Same as whole blood in a closed and open system.

57
Q

Storage temperature for PRBCs

58
Q

Maximum hematocrit for PRBCs

A

80% or less.

59
Q

Indication for PRBCs

A

Restores oxygen-carrying capacity in anemia.

60
Q

Shelf life of leukopoor RBCs in a closed system

A

Same as PRBCs.

61
Q

Shelf life of leukopoor RBCs in an open system

62
Q

Storage temperature for leukopoor RBCs

63
Q

Residual WBC content in leukopoor RBCs

64
Q

Shelf life of washed RBCs in an open system

65
Q

Storage temperature for washed RBCs

66
Q

QC requirement for washed RBCs

A

Plasma removal.

67
Q

Storage and shipping temperature for whole blood

A

Storage: 1–6°C; Shipping: 1–10°C.

68
Q

Shelf life of whole blood with CPD or CP2D preservatives

69
Q

Shelf life of whole blood with CPDA-1 preservative

70
Q

Storage and shipping temperature for RBCs

A

Storage: 1–6°C; Shipping: 1–10°C.

71
Q

Shelf life of RBCs in CPD, CP2D, or CPDA-1

A

CPD/CP2D: 21 days; CPDA-1: 35 days.

72
Q

Shelf life of RBCs with AS-1, AS-3, AS-5, or AS-7 solutions

73
Q

Hematocrit limit for CPDA-1 RBC units

74
Q

Storage temperature and duration for frozen RBCs

A

≤-65°C; 10 years.

75
Q

Storage temperature and duration for deglycerolized or washed RBCs (open system)

A

1–6°C; 24 hours.

76
Q

QC requirement for deglycerolized or washed RBCs

A

Visual hemoglobin check; method ensuring ≥80% RBC recovery.

77
Q

Shelf life of irradiated RBCs

A

28 days from irradiation or original outdate, whichever is first.

78
Q

Irradiator QC for irradiated RBCs

A

25 Gy in center of the unit.

79
Q

Storage temperature and residual WBC limit for leukocyte-reduced RBCs

A

1–6°C; <5.0 x 10^6 residual leukocytes with ≥85% original cells retained.

80
Q

Storage temperature and shelf life of PF24 plasma

A

≤-18°C; 1 year.

81
Q

Storage temperature and shelf life of FFP

A

≤-18°C: 1 year; ≤-65°C: 7 years.

82
Q

Shelf life of thawed PF24 or FFP

A

1–6°C; 24 hours.

83
Q

Shelf life of thawed plasma

A

1–6°C; 5 days (not FDA-licensed).

84
Q

Storage temperature and shelf life for cryoprecipitated AHF

A

≤-18°C; 1 year.

85
Q

QC requirements for cryoprecipitated AHF

A

Factor VIII: ≥80 IU; Fibrinogen: ≥150 mg.

86
Q

Storage temperature and shelf life for pooled cryoprecipitate after thawing

A

20–24°C; 4 hours.

87
Q

QC requirements for pooled cryoprecipitate

A

Factor VIII: ≥80 IU and Fibrinogen: ≥150 mg times the number of units in the pool.

88
Q

Storage conditions and shelf life for platelets

A

20–24°C with constant agitation; 5 days.

89
Q

QC requirements for platelets

A

≥5.5 x 10^10 platelets in 90% of units; pH ≥6.2.

90
Q

Storage conditions and shelf life for pooled platelets (open system)

A

20–24°C with constant agitation; 4 hours.

91
Q

Storage conditions for apheresis platelets leukocyte-reduced

A

20–24°C with constant agitation.

92
Q

Shelf life for apheresis platelets leukocyte-reduced (open system)

A

Within 4 hours.

93
Q

Shelf life for apheresis platelets leukocyte-reduced (closed system)

94
Q

QC requirements for apheresis platelets leukocyte-reduced

A

<5.0 x 10^4 residual leukocytes in 95% of units; ≥3.0 x 10^11 platelets in 90% of units; pH ≥6.2.

95
Q

Storage temperature and shelf life for apheresis granulocytes

A

20–24°C; 24 hours.

96
Q

QC requirements for apheresis granulocytes

A

≥1.0 x 10^10 granulocytes in 75% of units.

BLOODBANK/IMMUNOHEMATOLOGY (22 decks)

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