Imaging of Bladder and Kidneys Flashcards
What is the most common clinical presentation for uirnary tract?
Hematuria - if the pt has hematuria, the kidneys, ureters and bladder are all connected so you may need to do imaging of the whole urinary system to evalulate
Hematuria
- What are the different types?
- What are possible causes?
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How does hematuria present / differ when a person has kidney stones compared to when they have cancer?

What imaging modality is the gold standard for the urinary tract?
CT
Noncontrast CT is used to image […]
Kidney stones
What is the most sensitive imaging modality to detect cancer?
CT Urography
When would you use MRI?
Used as a problem solver in renal masses but can’t visualize stones
If a person is pregnant or a child, what imaging modality is best to use?
Ultrasound
What must be done in all cases of suspected cancer b/c of low sensitivity in imaging in bladder cancer
Cytoscopy
What are the pros and cons of CT imaging?

What are the 3 types of CT that can be done?

Why don’t you want to give contrast if you suspect kidney stones?
Contrast will turn kidneys and other organs white, can obscure visualization of stones
Why can’t you give contrast in persons with eGFR < 25?
Risk of contrast induced nephropathy
If contrast is given, what are the 2 phases that are possible to visualize?





Compare/contrast the perirenal space and the anterior pararenal space.





The ureters are […]peritoneal and anterior to the […] muscle


Ureters are anterior to the […] muscle
Psoas



What blood vessels do the ureters cross / come near in the pelvis?

The bladder is […]peritoneal and anterior to what structures?
Sub
In women: Uterus and rectum
In Men: Seminal vesicles, prostate and rectum


If you want to do an MRI to look at kidneys, what must yo do to the images in order to see kidneys?
Dampen fat –> make it appear black (T2 weighted)

What are the reasons you would do ultrasound to look at urinary system instead of CT?
Pregnant
Child
Eval glomerulonephritis or eval renal cortex
Eval size and hydronephritis



What is this ultrasound showing?


What is a retrograde pyelogram?
