線蟲III Flashcards

1
Q

淋巴性絲蟲病Lymphatic filariases的致病寄生蟲?

A

班氏絲蟲 Wuchereria bancroft
馬來(帝汶)絲蟲 Brugia malayi (timori)

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2
Q

班氏&馬來絲蟲生活史?

A

1.成蟲在血淋巴寄生交配產下微絲蟲
2.蚊子叮咬把mf吞入體內發育成L3
3.蚊子再次叮咬把L3送入人體
4.L3在人體內變成蟲

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3
Q

淋巴性絲蟲白天與黑夜各在哪裡?

A

白天:肺臟小血管
黑夜:周邊血管

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4
Q

淋巴性絲蟲的地理分布?

A

1.班氏:熱帶、亞熱帶(最廣)
2.馬來:亞洲、東南亞(曼蚊棲息地)
3.帝汶:印尼某些島嶼

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5
Q

淋巴性絲蟲的症狀?

A

1.asymptomatic microfilaremia
2.淋巴管/腺發炎、發熱
3.淋巴水腫(成蟲)
4.象皮病、陰囊水腫
5.tropical pulmonary eosinophilia

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6
Q

何謂tropical pulmonary eosinophilia (TPE)?

A

因過敏反應使微絲蟲被侷限在肺部無法離開,藥物治療效果好
症狀:夜間咳嗽、哮喘、發燒、嗜酸性球增加

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7
Q

淋巴性絲蟲診斷?

A

在晚上抽血
Giemsa stain
服用DEC後白天抽血
X光
乳糜尿

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8
Q

淋巴性絲蟲治療?

A

1.Diethylcarbamazine (DEC or hetrazan)一天三次,一到兩週
2.纖維化太嚴重需動刀切除

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9
Q

淋巴性絲蟲潛伏期?

A

10~12個月(TOCC回推一年)

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10
Q

曼森絲蟲Mansonella spp.介紹?

A

非致命,出現在血液檢體
mf無外鞘、membrane 3um以下才可過濾、不具週期性
媒介:midge蠓

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11
Q

犬心絲蟲症狀?

A

蟲體死亡鈣化在肺部或皮下形成Coin lesions
在肺部造成咳嗽或胸痛
感染人會在肺部形成陰影
感染狗塞住右心室、肺動脈導致運動耐受性下降

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12
Q

羅阿絲蟲Loa loa生活史?

A

1.成蟲在皮下組織釋放mf進入血液循環
2.chrysops虻叮咬吸入mf傳給下一個人
日間週期性

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13
Q

羅阿絲蟲症狀?

A

1.無症狀
2.calabar swelling(暫時性腫脹、過敏)

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14
Q

蟠尾絲蟲Onchocerca volvulus介紹?

A

成蟲可達30~40cm
跟loa類似,但是mf只會待在皮下
被simulium蚋叮咬感染
分布在非洲、拉丁美洲
潛伏期一年以上

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15
Q

蟠尾絲蟲症狀?

A

皮膚發癢、發炎,皮下結節
leopard skin
老年性皮膚症
腹股溝淋巴懸垂
mf造成結膜硬化

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16
Q

蟠尾絲蟲診斷?

A

皮膚切片
尿液
slit lamp(結膜、角膜)
Mazzotti test(服用DEC看有無過敏)

17
Q

蟠尾絲蟲治療?

A

1.Ivermectin
2.手術移除

18
Q

麥地那蟲Dracunculus medinensis生活史?

A

1.成蟲在腹內交配,雌蟲移動到下肢,一年後鑽出皮膚表面
2.接觸到水源釋出大量桿狀幼蟲LR
3.劍水蚤吃下LR,在體內發育成L3
4.人類誤飲劍水蚤,在體內變成蟲

19
Q

喜歡流動水域的是哪種絲蟲?

A

蟠尾絲蟲

20
Q

喜歡靜態水域的是哪種絲蟲?

A

麥地那蟲

21
Q

麥地那蟲感染前三名國家?

A

1.蘇丹
2.迦納
3.奈及利亞

22
Q

麥地那蟲症狀?

A

水泡、潰瘍
發燒、腫脹、紅斑、患部疼痛
細菌感染

23
Q

麥地那蟲診斷?

A

浸泡在水中,母蟲會釋放LR