線蟲II Flashcards

1
Q

鞭蟲Trichuris trichiura生活史?

A

1.成蟲在人類盲腸產卵
2.卵隨糞便排到泥土發育成胎蟲卵
3.胎蟲卵進入人體在小腸形成幼蟲

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2
Q

鞭蟲症狀?

A

腹痛、血便
tenesmus、直腸脫垂&出血
貧血、嗜酸性白血球增加
生長遲緩

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3
Q

鞭蟲診斷?

A

糞便檢體經濃縮以Kato-Katz技術定量蟲卵

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4
Q

蟲卵為酒桶狀,外殼黃褐色,有兩個polar plugs的是?

A

鞭蟲

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5
Q

鞭蟲的治療?

A

Mebendazole
替代:Albendazole, ivermectin, nitazoxanide

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6
Q

感染人類線蟲前三名?

A

1.蛔蟲
2.鉤蟲
3.鞭蟲

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7
Q

糞小桿線蟲Strongyloides stercoralis生活史?

A

(1)indirect cycle
一直維持R form在土裡生長
(2)direct cycle(營養不足,孤雌生殖)
1.R form在土壤發育成F form
2.F form幼蟲鑽入皮膚經由血液循環至心肺,再從咽喉進入消化道,在十二指腸變成蟲
3.成蟲在腸黏膜產卵,發育形胎蟲卵
4.胎蟲卵發育成蟲或在R form幼蟲時隨糞便一起排到土壤

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8
Q

糞小桿線蟲的症狀?

A

皮膚炎、紅疹
肺部症狀、Leoeffler’s syndrome
腸胃症狀
血液嗜酸性球增加
瀰漫性感染

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9
Q

何者比較容易有瀰漫性感染?

A

霍奇金氏淋巴瘤
AIDS
長期服用類固醇
自體免疫疾病

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10
Q

糞小桿線蟲的治療?

A

Ivermectin(神經傳導抑制物)
替代Albendazole, Thoabendazole

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11
Q

旋毛蟲Trichinella spirals生活史?

A

1.幼蟲在豬骨骼肌形成encysted larva
2.人吃到未煮熟豬肉,幼蟲在胃被釋放
3.在十二指腸形成公母蟲,寄生在小腸
4.小腸中的成蟲直接生出幼蟲,從腸黏膜進入血管跑到骨骼肌形成囊狀構造
(正常宿主:人、老鼠、豬)

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12
Q

以胎生方式從腸黏膜出生的是何者?

A

旋毛蟲

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13
Q

旋毛蟲症狀?

A

胃腸疾病
幼蟲移行
偶發性感染
囊化構造

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14
Q

旋毛蟲治療?

A

Steroids(消炎鎮痛)
Mebendazole, Albendazole
在一周內服藥

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15
Q

菲律賓毛線蟲Capillaria philippinensis生活史?

A

1.成蟲在河口鳥類腸道內產卵
2.卵排到河口形成胎蟲卵
3.胎蟲卵被河口魚吃掉形成L3
4.魚被鳥或人類吃掉
還沒排出人體就孵化形成自體感染

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16
Q

菲律賓毛線蟲症狀?

A

腹痛、腹瀉、腹鳴
蛋白質流失腸病變
惡質病、死亡
肌肉萎縮、水腫
心臟衰竭、低血壓

17
Q

菲律賓毛線蟲診斷?

A

糞便檢體中可見成蟲、幼蟲、蟲卵

18
Q

東方毛線蟲Trichostrongylus orientalis生活史?

A

偽絲狀幼蟲透過口服進入草食動物腸道內,在裏面發育成蟲

19
Q

東方毛線蟲症狀?

A

嗜酸性球少量增加
腸胃道不適、貧血

20
Q

東方毛線蟲治療?

A

Pyrantel pamoate(神經肌肉阻斷劑)
Mebendazole, Albendazole