厭氧菌感染 Flashcards

1
Q

放線菌actinomyces的介紹?

A

革蘭氏陽性桿菌,絕對/兼性厭氧
機會致病菌,內生性感染
引起慢性化膿性肉芽腫病變,產生硫磺顆粒
抗生素治療或外科膿傷引流

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2
Q

鬆脆桿菌bacteroides fragilis介紹?

A

革蘭氏陰性厭氧菌
多型性,有夾膜
引起腹腔感染
治療:metronidazole, carbapenems, β-lactam-β-lactamase inhibitors

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3
Q

檢驗鬆脆桿菌的agar成分為何?

A

1.膽鹽(促進生長)
2.esculin(被分解產生黑色沉澱)
3.gentamicin(鬆脆桿菌有抗性)

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4
Q

艱難梭狀桿菌clostridium difficile介紹?

A

革蘭氏陽性厭氧桿菌,有內孢子
內源性(抗生素不當使用)或外源性感染(院內感染)
引起偽膜性感染
糞便中有毒素才算確診
治療:metronidazole, vancomycin,糞便療法

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5
Q

艱難梭菌對何者有抗藥性?

A

clindamycin

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6
Q

蜂窩性組織炎感染到哪一層?

A

真皮層

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7
Q

蜂窩性組織炎的常見非厭氧菌為何?

A

1.化膿性鏈球菌
2.金黃色葡萄球菌

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8
Q

產氣夾膜梭狀桿菌clostridium perfringens介紹?

A

革蘭氏陽性厭氧菌,生長速度快
有內孢子,產H2跟CO2
引起蜂窩性組織炎、氣性壞疽與壞死性腸炎

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9
Q

產氣夾膜桿菌毒素與影響細胞?

A

α:血球、血管內皮細胞
β、enterotoxin:腸道上皮細胞
theta:紅血球
k:膠原蛋白
u:玻尿酸

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10
Q

蜂窩性組織炎深入到肌肉形成什麼?

A

氣性壞疽

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11
Q

enterotoxin是哪一種型的莢膜梭菌產生?

A

A型

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12
Q

β toxin是由哪一型的莢膜梭菌產生?

A

C型

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13
Q

產氣莢膜梭菌的診斷?

A

1.臨床症狀
2.革蘭氏染色
3.培養(周邊無完整細胞)

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14
Q

肌肉壞死治療?

A

1.清創
2.高劑量抗生素
3.局部高壓氧治療

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15
Q

壞死性腸炎治療?

A

1.penicillin G
2.metronidazole

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