呼吸系統病毒感染II Flashcards

1
Q

Cov疫苗分為哪幾種?

A

1.減毒疫苗、去活化疫苗
2.病毒載體疫苗(AZ)
3.核酸疫苗(DNA:AZ, RNA:BNT、輝瑞)
4.蛋白質疫苗

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

副黏液蛋白科Paramyxoviridae介紹?

A

包裹負股DNA的套膜螺旋病毒
156~300nm
包含麻疹病毒、鰓腺炎病毒、副流感病毒、RSV、間質肺炎病毒、立百&亨德拉病毒
轉正股DNA需自己的RNA polymerase
budding在細胞膜
飛沫傳染、細胞媒介反應、mutinucleated giant cell(F)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

會形成合胞體的有哪些病毒?

A

Paramyxoviridae所有病毒
HSV, VZV
HIV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

副黏液病毒的蛋白?

A

Hemagglutinin(H)辨識receptor
Neuraminidase(N)切除結合處
smaller glycoprotein(F)促進細胞融合
Large protein(L), Nucleoprotein(NP), Polymerase phosphoprotein(P)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

副黏液病毒科中的HN?

A

Parainfluenza
Mumps virus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

副黏液病毒科中的H?

A

Measles virus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

副黏液病毒科中的G?

A

RSV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

麻疹病毒致病機轉?

A

1.飛沫進入呼吸道,行local replication
2.透過病毒血症擴散(3C1P)
3.口腔出現柯氏斑點,血管內皮rash
4.少數跑到中樞
5.跑到呼吸道、泌尿系統,造成bacterial superinfection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

免疫不全病人感染麻疹會出現什麼症狀?

A

1.細胞融合狀肺炎
2.不會有rash

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

麻疹傳染力?

A

1傳18

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

鰓腺炎病毒致病機轉?

A

1.飛沫進入呼吸道,行local replication
2.透過病毒血症擴散
3.在口腔和尿液中出現
4.導致鰓腺炎和睪丸炎
5.攻擊腺體、胰臟導致第I型糖尿病
6.出現抗體
偶爾跑到中樞形成腦膜炎

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

3C1P指的是?

A

3C:結膜炎、咳嗽、鼻炎
1P:畏光

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

副流感病毒&RSV特色?

A

無病毒血症
會重覆感染
侷限於(上)呼吸道(除了嬰兒)
大規模顆粒傳染
宿主只有人

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

正黏液病毒科Orthomyxoviridae介紹?

A

分節負股DNA的有套膜病毒
分為AB(基因分8節,嚴重)CD(基因分7節,輕微)4型
多型性,80~120nm
膜上蛋白:HA, NA, Membrane protein(M1), Matrix protein(M2)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

正黏液病毒的基因分節?

A

1:PB2, Polymerase component
4:HA, Hemagglutinin
6:NA, Neuraminidase
7:M2, Membrane protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

抗流感藥物種類與作用部位?

A

Amantadine, Rimantadine:M2
Baloxavir, Marboxil:PB2
Zanamivir, Oseltamivir:NA

17
Q

A流的複製過程?

A

1.HA辨識膜上sialic acid進入細胞
2.M2打出通道釋出RNA
3.進入宿主細胞核內轉出正股作為template&mRNA
4.製造蛋白質
5.NA切開sialic acid離開細胞

18
Q

A流的致病機轉?

A

1.由aerosol inoculation進入呼吸道
2.破壞黏膜分泌&纖毛細胞
3.IFN, Tcell, Ab啟動組止入侵
4.Secondary bacterial infection肺炎鏈球菌引起細菌性肺炎(常見)

19
Q

流感病毒診斷?

A

快篩:抗原(小於15min)、RNA
免疫螢光染色:抗原
RT-PCR:病毒量
病毒培養
血清稀釋與病毒混合(紅血球沉積:有抗體,液體均勻紅色:抗體過少)

20
Q

德國麻疹Rubella致病機轉?

A

1.飛沫傳染上呼吸道
2.跑到附近淋巴結造成腫大
3.如果免疫系統無法抑制會因為secondary viremia造成rash
4.一般會自然痊癒(母體感染例外)

21
Q

母親懷孕前20週透過胎盤傳給胎兒的德國麻疹症狀?

A

小頭症、智力遲緩、先天性心臟病、體重低、紫斑症、血小板減少症、黃疸、肝脾腫大、白內障、聽力喪失

22
Q

德國麻疹診斷?

A

RT-PCR
懷孕婦女需要有IgG抗體