Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Gastrointestinal > IBD Clinical > Flashcards

IBD Clinical Flashcards

1
Q

clinical presentation of Crohn’s

A

abdominal pain

peri-anal disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

aetiology of IBD

A

genetic predisposition
mucosal immune system
environmental triggers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

genetic predisposition of IBD

A

homozygous twins

early onset indicates family hx - high concordance rates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

mutated gene in IBD

A

NOD2/CARD15 (IBD-1) - codes for bacterial recognition and normal mucosa defence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

involvement of gut flora in ulcerative colitis

A

altered bacterial flora indispensable to development of colitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

innate immunity - role of tight junctions

A

regulates epithelial permeability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

overactive effect T cell response

A

inflammation/disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

absence of regulatory T cells

A

uncontrolled inflammation/aggressive disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

immune system response of Crohn’s

A

Th1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

immune response of Ulcerative colitis

A

mixed Th1/Th2/NKTC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

pathogenesis of IBD

A

pathogenic bacteria
abnormal microbial competition
defective host contaminant of commensal bacteria
defective hose immunoregulation

reduced antimicrobial activity in Crohn’s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

environment factors of IBD

A

smoking - aggravates Crohn’s but protects against ulcerative colitis
NSAIDS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

ulcerative colitis disease extent

A

proctitis - rectum
left sided colitis
pan colitis - whole of large bowel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

course of left sided colitis

A

rectum to colon, stopping at splenic flexure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

clinical presentation of ulcerative colitis

A 
diarrhoea and bleeding (red flag! >6)
increased bowel frequency
incontinence 
night rising 
lower abdominal pain (left iliac fossa)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

history red flags of IBD

A 
recent travel
antibiotics
NSAIDS
family hx
smoking 
skin, eyes, joints
17
Q

determining the severity of ulcerative colitis

A

truelove and Witt criteria

18
Q

truelove and witt criteria

A 
>6 bloody stools
and 1 or more;
fever
tachycardia (>90BPM)
anaemia (Hb<10.5)
ESR (>30mm/hr)
19
Q

what is ESR

A

blood test that detects and monitors inflammation in the body

20
Q

tests for IBD

A 
bloods;
CRP
albumin 
AXR
endoscopy
histology
21
Q

what is CRP

A

C-reactive protein;

a marker of inflammation

22
Q

presentation of AXR with IBD

A

stool distribution - absent in inflamed colon
mucosal oedema/’cobblestone’
toxic megacolon

23
Q

presentation of endoscopy with IBD

A

confluent inflammation extending proximally from anal margin to transition zone;
loss of vessel pattern
granular mucosa
contact bleeding

24
Q

histology of ulcerative colitis

A

affects mucosal layer only;
absence of goblet cells
crypts distortion and abscesses

25
Q

complication of ulcerative colitis

A 
increased risk of colorectal cancer 
extensive colitis (beyond splenic flexure)
26
Q

what determines risk of colorectal cancer in ulcerative cancer

A

severity of inflammation
duration of disease
disease extent

27
Q

extra-intestinal manifestations of IBD

A 
skin
joints - axial, peripheral joints
eyes
deranged LFTs
oxalate renal stones
28
Q

what is primary sclerosis cholangitis

A

chronic inflammatory disease of biliary tree

80% patients have associated IBD (UC>Crohn’s)

29
Q

symptoms of PSC

A 
asymptomatic or itch, rigors
cholestatic LFTs (raised ALP + GGT)
30
Q

Crohn’s - peri-anal disease

A

recurrent abscess formation
can lead to fistula with persistent leakage
damaged sphincters
causes pain

31
Q

disease phenotypes of Crohn’s

A

stenosis
inflammation
fistula

32
Q

Crohn’s symptoms - small intestine

A

abdominal cramps
diarrhoea
weight loss

33
Q

Crohn’s symptoms - colon

A

abdominal cramps (lower abdomen)
diarrhoea with blood
weight loss

34
Q

Crohn’s symptoms - mouth

A

painful ulcers
swollen lips
angular chielitis

35
Q

Crohn’s symptoms - anus

A

peri-anal pain

abscess

36
Q

tests for Crohn’s

A 
bloods;
CRP
albumin 
platelets 
vitamin B12
ferritin

colonoscopy

37
Q

histology of Crohn’s

A

granuloma +/- caseating

38
Q

tests for small bowel

A

barium swallow
small bowel MRI
technetium-labelled white cell scan

Gastrointestinal (71 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions