Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

NE Exam 3 > Hypothalamic and Pituitary Relationships and Biofeedback part 1 > Flashcards

Hypothalamic and Pituitary Relationships and Biofeedback part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the physical connection between the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland?

A

Hypophyseal stalk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Tumors in the pituitary expand and put pressure on what nerve?

A

Optic nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What nuclei send their axons into the posterior pituitary?

A

Supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

In the posterior pituitary what secretes ADH?

A

Supraoptic nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

In the posterior pituitary what secretes Oxytocin?

A

Paraventricular nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the six hormones that the anterior pituitary gland secretes?

A

1) ACTH
2) TSH
3) LH
4) FSH
5) GH
6) Prolactin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What connects the hypothalamus to the anterior pituitary gland and is where hormones are sent through?

A

Hypothalamic-hypophyseal portal blood vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

TRH in the hypothalamus target what in the anterior pituitary?
This secretes what?

A

1) Thyrotrophs

2) TSH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

CRF in the hypothalamus target what in the anterior pituitary?
This secretes what?

A

1) Corticotrophs

2) ACTH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

GnRH in the hypothalamus target what in the anterior pituitary?
This secretes what?

A

1) Gonadotrophs

2) FSH and LH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

GHRH and somatostatin in the hypothalamus target what in the anterior pituitary?
This secretes what?

A

1) Somatroprophs

2) GH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

PIF and TRH in the hypothalamus target what in the anterior pituitary?
This secretes what?

A

1) Lactotrophs

2) Prolactin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Low or high levels of hormone due to defect in the peripheral endocrine gland is considered what type of endocrine disorder?

A

Primary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Low or high levels of hormone due to defect in the pituitary gland is considered what type of endocrine disorder?

A

Secondary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Low or high levels of hormone due to defect in the hypothalamus is considered what type of endocrine disorder?

A

Tertiary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Extreme energy deficits such as starcation, extreme exercise, and depression has what effect on GnRH function?

A

Inhibitory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Normal menstrual cycle depends on what?

A

LH and FSH

18
Q

What do FSH and LH do?

A

Promote estrogen/progesterone in females and testosterone in males

19
Q

What disease is characterized by excessive growth of soft tissue, cartilage, and bone in the face/hands/feet and develops very gradually and may not be recognized until it has been present for many years?

A

Acromegaly

20
Q

What is the underlying physiology associated with acromegaly?

A

Excessive growth hormone in adult life

21
Q

What are the targets for growth hormone?

A

Liver and bone

22
Q

What is growth hormone inhibited by?

A

Somatostatin and IGF-1

23
Q

What effect does starvation, hypoglycemia, exercise, and sleep have on GH?

A

Stimulates it

24
Q

A patient develops what when there is excess GH before puberty?

A

Gigantism

25
Q

A patient develops what when there is excess GH after puberty?

A

Acromegaly

26
Q

What happens to IGF-1 when there is high carb and high protein intake?

A

Produced

27
Q

What happens to IGF-1 when there is high carb but low protein intake?

A

Not produced

28
Q

Mitogenesis, lipolysis and differentiation all occur under what condition?

A

When the liver produces IGF-1

29
Q

Lipogenesis and carbohydrate storage all occur under what conditions?

A

When the liver does not produce IGF-1

30
Q

What happens to IGF-1 when there is low carb and high protein intake?

A

Produced

31
Q

A patient can be diagnosed with what disease if they have high serum IGF-1, fail to suppress serum GH, and have pituitary enlargement on MRI?

A

Acromegaly

32
Q

Prolactin is under tonic inhibition by?

A

Hypothalamic dopamine

33
Q

What does prolactin suppress?

A

GnRH

34
Q

What does pregnancy, breast-feeding, sleep, stress, and TRH do to PRL secretion?

A

Stimulates it

35
Q

What does dopamine, dopamine agonists, and somatostatin do to PRL secretion?

A

Inhibits it

36
Q

How does hypopituitarism affect GH?

A

Short stature in children

37
Q

How does hypopituitarism affect FSH and LH?

A

Infertility in men and menstrual irregularity in women

38
Q

How does hypopituitarism affect TSH?

A

Hypothryroidism

39
Q

How does hypopituitarism affect ACTH?

A

Loss of pigmentation

40
Q

How does hypopituitarism affect ADH?

A

Diabetes insipidus

41
Q

What are the main causes of hypopituitarism?

A

1) Brain damage (TBI, Hemorrhage, stroke)

2) Pituitary tumors

42
Q

What are the actions of oxytocin?

A

1) Milk ejection

2) Uterine contraction

NE Exam 3 (20 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions