Auditory pathways Part 2 Flashcards
Where is the dominant hemisphere of language?
Left
What is the function of Wernicke’s area?
Comprehension and understanding of spoken and written language
What is the function of Broca’s area?
Word production for speech and grammar for sentences (motor)
What does the area analogous to Wernicke’s area do?
Interpreting nonverbal signals from others
What does the area analogous to Broca’s area do?
Instruction for producing non-verbal communication including emotional gestures and tone of speech
What does the lateral temporal cortex do?
Semantic knowledge (meaning of sentence) and word recognition (meaning)
What does Arcuate fasciculus do?
Word repetition (repeat after me)
What does the dorsal premotor cortex do?
Motor programs for articulation
What is the inability to identify an object despite being able to perceive it?
Agnosia
What is the inability to describe a sound that has been heard?
Auditory agnosia
Where is the lesion for auditory agnosia?
Unimodal sensory association cortex bilaterally
What is it called when a lesion causes a patient to not be able to comprehend language but expression is fine?
Wernicke’s aphasia (Receptive or fluent aphasia)
What is the term for “unable to read” which is commonly seen in Wernicke’s aphasia?
Alexia
What is the term for “unable to write comprehensible language” which is commonly seen in Wernicke’s aphasia?
Agraphia
What type of speech to Wernicke’s aphasia patients present with?
Fluent paraphasic speech (unintended words, letters, or syllables added or removed but can speak at normal rate/flow)
Do patients normally know they have Wernicke’s aphasia?
No
What is it called when a lesion causes a patient to lose the ability to speak fluently but can still understand spoken and written language?
Broca’s aphasia (expressive aphasia or non-fluent aphasia)
The most severe forms of Broca’s aphasia results in?
Inability to speak
What does the speech present as in patients with Broca’s aphasia/
Slow, labored, poor enunciation and nonessential words are omitted (telegraphic speech)
Do patients normally know they have Broca’s aphasia?
Yes, makes them very frustrated and over time can make the depressed
What is it called when a lesion causes a patient to not be able to understand what is being said to them and unable to express themselves. They also have reading and writing impairments?
Global aphasia (Non-fluent aphasia)
Where is the lesion in Global aphasia?
Lateral sulcus (hits both Wernicke’s and Broca’s area)
What is it called when a lesion causes an aphasia similar to Wernicke’s aphasia where the patient is grammatically correct, fluent, not able to comprehend, but able to repeat?
Transcortical sensory aphasia
What is it called when a lesion causes an aphasia similar to Broca’s aphasia where the patient is not fluent, able to comprehend, but able to repeat and is grammatically correct ?
Transcortical motor aphasia
What is it called when a lesion causes a patient to be unable to repeat and writing is impaired however fluency, comprehension, and reading are intact?
Conduction aphasia (fluent aphasia)
Where is the lesion for conduction aphasia?
Arcuate fasciculus and supramarginal gyrus
Where is the lesion for transcortical motor?
ACA-MCA border zone infarction
Where is the lesion for transcortical sensory?
MCA-PCA border zone infarction
