Auditory pathways Part 2

Question 1

Where is the dominant hemisphere of language?

Answer 1

Left

Question 2

What is the function of Wernicke’s area?

Answer 2

Comprehension and understanding of spoken and written language

Question 3

What is the function of Broca’s area?

Answer 3

Word production for speech and grammar for sentences (motor)

Question 4

What does the area analogous to Wernicke’s area do?

Answer 4

Interpreting nonverbal signals from others

Question 5

What does the area analogous to Broca’s area do?

Answer 5

Instruction for producing non-verbal communication including emotional gestures and tone of speech

Question 6

What does the lateral temporal cortex do?

Answer 6

Semantic knowledge (meaning of sentence) and word recognition (meaning)

Question 7

What does Arcuate fasciculus do?

Answer 7

Word repetition (repeat after me)

Question 8

What does the dorsal premotor cortex do?

Answer 8

Motor programs for articulation

Question 9

What is the inability to identify an object despite being able to perceive it?

Answer 9

Agnosia

Question 10

What is the inability to describe a sound that has been heard?

Answer 10

Auditory agnosia

Question 11

Where is the lesion for auditory agnosia?

Answer 11

Unimodal sensory association cortex bilaterally

Question 12

What is it called when a lesion causes a patient to not be able to comprehend language but expression is fine?

Answer 12

Wernicke’s aphasia (Receptive or fluent aphasia)

Question 13

What is the term for “unable to read” which is commonly seen in Wernicke’s aphasia?

Answer 13

Alexia

Question 14

What is the term for “unable to write comprehensible language” which is commonly seen in Wernicke’s aphasia?

Answer 14

Agraphia

Question 15

What type of speech to Wernicke’s aphasia patients present with?

Answer 15

Fluent paraphasic speech (unintended words, letters, or syllables added or removed but can speak at normal rate/flow)

Question 16

Do patients normally know they have Wernicke’s aphasia?

Answer 16

No

Question 17

What is it called when a lesion causes a patient to lose the ability to speak fluently but can still understand spoken and written language?

Answer 17

Broca’s aphasia (expressive aphasia or non-fluent aphasia)

Question 18

The most severe forms of Broca’s aphasia results in?

Answer 18

Inability to speak

Question 19

What does the speech present as in patients with Broca’s aphasia/

Answer 19

Slow, labored, poor enunciation and nonessential words are omitted (telegraphic speech)

Question 20

Do patients normally know they have Broca’s aphasia?

Answer 20

Yes, makes them very frustrated and over time can make the depressed

Question 21

What is it called when a lesion causes a patient to not be able to understand what is being said to them and unable to express themselves. They also have reading and writing impairments?

Answer 21

Global aphasia (Non-fluent aphasia)

Question 22

Where is the lesion in Global aphasia?

Answer 22

Lateral sulcus (hits both Wernicke’s and Broca’s area)

Question 23

What is it called when a lesion causes an aphasia similar to Wernicke’s aphasia where the patient is grammatically correct, fluent, not able to comprehend, but able to repeat?

Answer 23

Transcortical sensory aphasia

Question 24

What is it called when a lesion causes an aphasia similar to Broca’s aphasia where the patient is not fluent, able to comprehend, but able to repeat and is grammatically correct ?

Answer 24

Transcortical motor aphasia

Question 25

What is it called when a lesion causes a patient to be unable to repeat and writing is impaired however fluency, comprehension, and reading are intact?

Answer 25

Conduction aphasia (fluent aphasia)

Question 26

Where is the lesion for conduction aphasia?

Answer 26

Arcuate fasciculus and supramarginal gyrus

Question 27

Where is the lesion for transcortical motor?

Answer 27

ACA-MCA border zone infarction

Question 28

Where is the lesion for transcortical sensory?

Answer 28

MCA-PCA border zone infarction