Hypnosedativa Flashcards

1
Q

Co su hypnotika?

A

Latky ktore navodzuju stav podobny fyziologickemu spanku, tlmia CNS

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2
Q

Co su sedativa?

A

Latky navodzujuce sedaci,zklidneni aj pocas dne,tlmia CNS

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3
Q

Indikacie hypnotik

A

Proti insomnii - nespavosti AK
Neni mozna kauzalna liecba alebo este nezabrala
Závažná porucha spanku

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4
Q

Indikace sedativ

A

Na zklidnení, uzkostnych poruch s hyperaktivitou a u agresivnych pacientov

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5
Q

Ako suvisia hypnotika a sedativa?

A

Je medzi nimi neostra hranica (hypnosedativa)

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6
Q

Povolená delka uzivania hypnotik?

A

Dva tydny max - 4 tydny maxmax

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7
Q

Co patri do 1.generace hypnotik?

A

Barbituraty - klomethiazol

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8
Q

Je na barbituraty antidotum?

A

Nie

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9
Q

Vznika pri barbituratoch zavislost?

A

Ano

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10
Q

Indikace klomethiazolu

A

Akutne abstinencne stavy pri odvykackach a deliriu tremens

Porucha spanku,neklid a zmatenost ve stari

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11
Q

MU Benzodiazepinov

A

Selektivne obsadia vazebne miesto na GABAa - zvysia frekvenciu otvarania Cl kanalu = inhibice prenosu vzruchu

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12
Q

Ucinky BZD

A
Hypnosedativni 
Anxiolyticke
Antikonvulzivni
Myorelaxacni
Amnesticke
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13
Q

Ktore BZD maju hlavne antikonvulzivni ucinek?

A

Diazepam

Klonazepam

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14
Q

Ktore BZD ma myorelaxacni ucinek?

A

Klonazepam

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15
Q

Ktore BZD maju anxiolyticku ucinok?

A

Oxazepam,bromazepam,alprazolam

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16
Q

Podanie BZD

A

P.o., dobre sa vstrebaju z GIT
I.m. ale nepredvidatelne vstreb
I.v.,per rect. krece u deti

17
Q

Viazu sa BZD na plazmaticke Bi?

A

Ano

18
Q

Biotransformace BZD?

A

V JÁTRECH dealkylace,hydroxylace a glukuronizace(konjugace s k.glukuronovou)

19
Q

Exkrece BZD?

A

Močí vo forme metabolitov

20
Q

NÚ BZD? 9

A
Unava,zmatenost,zavrate
Paradoxni reak
Zavislost
Narušenie kogni f
Utlm DC
Svalova slabost
Rebound
GIT
Floppy baby
21
Q

Ako sa prejavi rebound fenomen u BZD?

A
Tremor
Tinitus
Ospalost
Naruseni spanku
Prodlouzeni rem
22
Q

Môžu sa BZD v gravidite a pri laktaci?

A

Nieeee Floppy baby

23
Q

Dalsie KI BZD

A

Alkohol
Dechova insuf
Drogy
Myastenia gravis a ine svalove onemocneni

24
Q

Môžu pacienti uživajuci BZD darovat krev?

A

Nie

25
Q

Môžu pacienti BZD šoferovat?

A

Nie

26
Q

Liek prvej volby u febrilnych kreci + kombinuje sa s niecim?

A

Diazepam (mykroklysma) + VZDY antipyretika

27
Q

Opakuju sa u deti febrilne krece?

A

Ano, az u 20%

28
Q

Narusuju BZD strukturu spanku?

A

Ano, zkracuju REM

29
Q

Na co sa pouziva flumanezil?

A

Otrava BZD

Konec anestezie

30
Q

Čo môže flumazenil vyvolať u BZD zavislakov?

A

Superakutni syndrom z odneti

31
Q

Ako rychlo nastupuje ucinok flumazenilu a aky ma t1/2?

A

1-2 min

Biol.polc 1h - preto kontinualne v infuzi

32
Q

Vymenuj 3 hypnotika 3.generace (Z latky)

A

Zolpidem
Zopiklon
Zaleplon

33
Q

Vznika u Z-latok zavislost?

A

Ano

34
Q

Vyhody Z-latok?

A

Nevznika zavislost
Nevyvolaju rannu ospalost
Setrnejsie k starym

35
Q

Aky ucinok maju Z latky?

A
IBA hypnoticky (a ne ze myorelax,anxiolyt)
Nemaju BZD strukturu
36
Q

Menuj 5 rostlinnych hypnosedativ

A
Meduňka
Kozlík
Chmel
Mučenka
Třezalka
37
Q

Menuj 3 antipsychotika s hypnosedativnym ucinkom

A

Quetiapin
Chlorprothixen
Levomepromazin

38
Q

Menuj H1 antihist 1.generace s hypnosedat.ucinkom

A

Promethazin
Moxastin
Hydroxyzin
Bisulepin

39
Q

Popiš melatonin

A
P.o.
Nesedativni,ovlivnuje cirkadianni rytmus
1-2 h pred spanim
U pacientov nad 55
Nemá NU BZD ani Z látok