Human Muscular System Flashcards
Occipitofrontalis
Frontal Belly and Occipital Belly
Temporalis
Lateral muscle located on the temporal bone
Orbicularis Oculi
A: Closes Eye
Zygomaticus Major and Minor
Smile muscles
A: Elevates corner of mouth
Orbicularis Oris
A: closes lips
Masseter
A: Elevates Jaw
Platysma
Located Anterior to the SCM
Sternocleidomastoid (SCM)
Located posterior to Platysma
Medial Head
Lateral Head
A: flexes neck
Pectoralis Major
O: sternal end of clavicle, sternum, cartilage of ribs 1-6
I: Greater tubercle of humerus
A: Flexes Arm
Pectoralis Minor
Located inferior of Pectoralis Major
A: protracts and rotates scapula inferiorly
Serratus Anterior
Located Posterior to Pectoralis Minor and lateral to external intercostals
External Intercostals
A: elevates ribs
Lateral muscles inbetween ribs
Interal Intercostals
A: depresses ribs
Medial muscles inbetween ribs
Rectus Abdominis
A: flexion of the trunk
External Oblique
Anterior abdominal region
Internal Oblique
Located lateral to rectus abdominis
Linea Alba
Located medial of Rectus Abdomins
Diaphragm
Located below the lungs and behind the ribs
Latissimus Dorsi
O: Lower six thoracic vertebrae, lumbar vertebrae, and illac crest
I: intertubercular sulcus of humerus
A: extends arm
Splenius Capitis
Located on the posterior neck region
A: extends neck
Teres Major
Inferior to Teres Minor
Teres Minor
O: Lateral border of scapula
I: Greater tubercle of humerus
A: laterally rotates arm
Erector Spinae
Located inferior to the Rhomboids posterior on the back
A: extends vertebral column
Supraspinatus
O: supraspinous fossa of the scapula
I: greater tubercle of humerus
A: abducts arm
Infraspinatus
Located in the infraspinous fossa of scapula
A: laterally rotates arm
Subscapularis
Located in the subscapular fossa of scapula (Anterior side)
Deltoid
O: lateral third of clavicle, acromion, and scapular spine
I: deltoid tuberosity of humerus
A: abducts the arm
Biceps Brachii
(Two origins: same Insertion and Action)
Long head O: supraglenoid tubercule of scapula
Short head O: coracoid process of scapula
I: radial tuberosity
A: flexes and supinates forearm
Brachialis
Posterior to Biceps Brachii (underneath them)
A: flexes forearm
Triceps Brachii
(Three origins: same Insertion and Action)
Long Head O: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
Lateral Head O: posterior shaft of humerus
Medial Head O: posterior shaft of humerus
I: Olecranon of Ulna
A: Extends forearm
Brachioradialis
A: synergist in forearm flexion
Extensor Digitorum
Located posterior of forearm
A: extends fingers
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
Located most medial side of forearm
A: Flexes Wrist
Extensior Carpi Ulnaris
Located posterior of forearm
In between Extensor Digitorum and Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
Flexor Carpi Radialis
Right next to Brachioradialis on medial side
Point and locate all 5 forearm muscles rn
Anterior side of forearm:
- Brachioradialis
- Flexor Carpi Radialis
Most medial side of forearm:
- Flexor carpi ulnaris
Posterior side of forearm:
- Extensor carpi ulnaris
- Extensor Digitorum
Iliopsoas
(2 closely related muscles with same insertions and actions)
Iliacus O: Iliac Fossa
Psoas Major O: Lumbar vertebrae and T12
Psoas Major is more medial than the Iliacus
I: lesser trochanter of femur
A: thigh flexion
Tensor Fasciae Latae
O: Anterior aspect of illiac crest and anterior superior illiac spine
I: Iliotibial tract
Pectineus
Superior muscle attached to Pubis bone
Adductor Longus
Middle Muscle attached to Pubis bone (Inferior to Pentineus)
Gracillis
Medial muscle attached to Pubis bone (inferior to Adductor Longus)
Sartorius
O: Anterior Superior Illiac Spine
I: Medial Aspect of proximal tibia
Rectus Femoris
O: anterior inferior iliac spine
I: patella and tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament
Vastus Medialis
O: Iinea aspera of femur
I: patella and tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament
Vastus Lateralis
O: greater trochanter of femur
I: patella and tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament
Patellar Tendon
Between patella and quadriceps group
Gluteus Medius
O: Ilium
I: greater trochanter of femur
A: abducts the thigh
Gluteus Maximus
O: Ilium, sacrum, and coccyx
I: Gluteal tuberosity of femur
A: extends the thigh
Adductor Magnus
Located lateral to the Gracilis
Only seen on the posterior of hamstrings
Hamstring Group
(Three separate Insertions, same Origin and Action)
Biceps Femoris I: Lateral condyle of tibia
Semitendinosus I: Medial aspect of tibia
Semimembranosus I: Medial condyle of tibia
O: ischial tuberosity
A: Flexes the knee (curls the leg)
Gastrocnemius (calf)
(2 heads with different origin, same Insertion and Action)
Lateral head O: lateral condyle of femur
Medial head O: medial condyle of femur
I: calcaneus via calcaneal tendon (Achille’s Tendon)
A: plantar flexion
Solecus
Found only via lateral view of calf
Anterior to gastrocnemius
Fibularis Longus
Anterior to Soleus
In between Soleus and Extensor Digitorum
Extensor Digitorum Longus
In between Soleus and Tibialis Anterior
Tibialis Anterior
O: Lateral condyle and tibial shaft
I: Medial cuneiform and first metatarsal bone
A: Dorsiflexion
Ligamentum Nuchae
Medial posterior neck attachment
Dorsal Lumbar Fascia
Large aponeurosis on lumbar region
