Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

renal > HTN > Flashcards

HTN Flashcards

1
Q

preHTN is systolic____ or diastolic____

A

120-139; 80-89

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

stage 1 HTN is systolic____ or diastolic_____

A

140-159; 90-99

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

stage 2 HTN is systolic____ or diastolic_____

A

> 160; >100

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

HTN with no known cause

A

primary HTN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

bp that is consistently elevated by out of office measurements but does not meet the criteria in the office

A

masked HTN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what bp defines hypertensive urgency

A

diastolic >120

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

diastolic>120, end organ damage

A

hypertensive emergency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

HTN can be diagnosed after how many visits?

A

3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

take BP how many times at each visit

A

2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

when to repeat BP within office

A

when have BP difference >10 b/w repeats

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

risk of stroke increases as bp >

A

110/75

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what grade of HTN retinopathy: generalized retinal arteriolar narrowing

A

grade 1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

more severe generalized narrowing, focal areas of arteriolar narrowing and AV nicking

A

grade 2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

retinal hemorrhages, microaneurysms, hard exudates, and cotton-wool spots

A

grade 3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

hypertensive retinopathy, grades 1-3 + optic disk swelling and macular edema

A

grade 4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

how to screen for peripheral arterial disease

A

ankle-brachial index

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

ABI under___is specific/sensitive for PAD

A

under 0.9

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

if you can get your middle aged patient to drop SBP by 10 and DBP by 5, can reduce stroke risk by____, MI risk by___, heart failure risk by____

A

35-40%; 20-25%; 50%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

isolated systolic HTN is more common in what age grp

A

elderly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

why does isolated systolic HTN occur?

A

diminished arterial compliance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

how to dx OSA

A

formal sleep study (polysomnography)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

hypokalemia in a patiet with HTN

A

primary aldosteronism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

best initial test for suspected primary aldosteronism

A

aldosterone:renin ratio

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

high PAC: low PRA with ratio >___, is dx for____

A

> 30; primary hyperaldosteronism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

hig PRC:high PRA

A

secondary hyperaldosteronism

26
Q

low PAC: low PRA

A

alternate mineralocorticoid stimulation

27
Q

> 30% jump in Cr after started ACEi or ARBs

A

bilateral renovascular disease

28
Q

screening for abdominal bruit?

A

duplex doppler ultrasonography

29
Q

duplex doppler ultrasonography considered positive when

A

50+

30
Q

f/u test for +duplex doppler ultrasonography

A

MR angiography or CT angiography

31
Q

gold standard for dx of abd bruit

A

renal arteriography

32
Q

string of beads appearance

A

fibromuscular dysplasia

33
Q

what is the most common cause of HTN in preadolescent kids

A

renal disease

34
Q

dx of renal parenchymal disease

A

elevated Cr, decr GFR

35
Q

tx of renal parenchymal disease

A

aggressive tx of HTN with ACEi

36
Q

2nd most common cause of HTN in kids

A

coarctation of aorta

37
Q

h/o HTN, SOB on exertion in kids

A

coarctation of aorta

38
Q

if >___systolc diffference, then send for____

A

> 20; echo

39
Q

dx of pheo if low index of suspicion

A

24 hr urine metanephrines and catecholamines

40
Q

dx of pheo if high index of suspicion

A

plasma for fractionated metanephrines

41
Q

dx of HTN is based on elevated BP at how many visits?

A

3

42
Q

what should you set BP goals based on? (3)

A
  1. age
  2. diabetes
  3. kidney disease
43
Q

age >60 w/o DM or CAD, BP goal is under____

A

150/90

44
Q

age under 60 w/o DM or CKD, BP goal is under____

A

140/90

45
Q

all ages with DM or CKD, BP goal is under____

A

140/90

46
Q

who is a candidate for lifestyle change trial as tx for HTN

A

BP under 160/100 with no evidence of target organ damage

47
Q

1st drug to start in Af Am without CKD

A

thiazide or CCB

48
Q

1st drug to start in non-Af Am without CKD

A

ACEi, ARB, thiazide, CCB

49
Q

1st drug to start in person with CKD

A

Acei, ARB

50
Q

what drug is good for an older woman with osteoporosis

A

thiazide

51
Q

what drug is good for someone with raynauds?

A

CCB

52
Q

what drug is good for someone with BPH?

A

alpha blocker

53
Q

what drugs are beneficial for recurrent stroke presentation

A

thiazide, ACEi

54
Q

when SBP >160/100, how to titrate drugs

A

titrate up to max dose until goal is achieved

55
Q

how should PAD be managed?

A

ASA

56
Q

maximum initial fall expected in tx of hypertensive emergencies

A

25%

57
Q

in stroke patient, who is eligible for lytic tx

A

BP under 185/110

58
Q

in an ischemic stroke patient, when to tx?

A

> 220/120

59
Q

how often to f/u patients after dx

A

regularly until BP controlled, then every 3-4 months after dx

60
Q

how often to run ancillary studies after dx

A

yearly

renal (27 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions