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renal > acid base > Flashcards

acid base Flashcards

1
Q

normal blood pH

A

7.35-7.45

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2
Q

normal bicarb

A

25

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3
Q

how to calculate anion gap

A

Na - (Cl+serum HCO3)

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4
Q

H2CO3 is reflected by the

A

pCO2 (lungs)

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5
Q

can metabolic acidosis and alkalosis be concurrent?

A

yes

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6
Q

can respiratory acidosis and alkalosis be concurrent?

A

NOPE

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7
Q

metabolic alkalosis characterized by what physiological change?

A

incr bicarb concentration

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8
Q

metabolic acidosis characterized by what physiological change?

A

decr bicarb concentration

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9
Q

what concentration of HCO3 is primary metabolic alkalosis

A

> 40 mmol/L

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10
Q

contraction alkalosis is caused by____, but maintained by____

A

diuretics; hyperaldosteronism

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11
Q

what concentration of HCO3 is primary metabolic acidosis

A

under 15 mmol/L

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12
Q

what is incr in anion gap caused by?

A

incr in unmeasured anions

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13
Q

normal anion gap

A

12 mmol/L

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14
Q

hyperglycemia + high AG metabolic acidosis + ketonemia

A

DKA

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15
Q

normal serum osmolal gap

A

10-15 mosm/kg

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16
Q

causes of incr SOG (2)

A
  1. methanol intoxication

2. ethylene glycol intoxication

17
Q

early in ASA intoxication, acid-base unbalance is caused by ______, and later is caused by_____

A

respiratory alkalosis; high AG metabolic acidosis

18
Q

high AG metabolic acidosis is caused by____in ASA intoxication

A

accumulation of organic acids

19
Q

management of ASA intoxication

A

bicarb

20
Q

is serum salicylate concentration >_____, then tx with____

A

100; hemodialysis

21
Q

intoxication with what substances are considered dialytic emergencies?

A
  1. ASA
  2. ethylene glycol
  3. methanol
22
Q

how to determine if there is appropriate compensation for metabolic acidosis

A

winter’s formula

23
Q

if delta ratio under 2, what type of disorder is present?

A

ONLY metabolic acidosis

24
Q

what would delta ratio be if both meta acidosis + meta alkalosis present

A

delta ratio >2

renal (27 decks)

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