chronic kidney disease Flashcards
CKD is defined by presence of kidney damage for how long?
3+ months
decr kidney fxn is defined as eGFR under_____per 1.73 m^2
60 ml/min
prevalence of CKD
1/10
ESRD is more prevalent in whites or blacks
Af Am
gold standard to measure GFR
inulin
compensatory incr in filtration in the preserved nephron
glomerular hyperfiltration
presence of nitrogenous waste products in the blood
azotemia
azotemia + S/S that are a result of renal failure
uremia
number 1 complication related to CKD
cardiovascular
extraosseous calcification characterized by systemic medial calcification of the arterioles that leads to ischemia and subcutaneous necrosis.
calciphylaxis
stage 1 tx
tx comorbid conditions, aim to slow progression
stage 2 tx
estimate progression
stage 3
evaluate and tx complications
stage 4 tx
prepare for kidney replacement tx
stage 5 tx
dialysis
target BP in CKD
under 140/90
target urine albumin in CKD
under 30 mg per 24 hrs
if urine albumin is >30, then what is bp goal?
under 130/80
salt intake should be under____per day
90 mmol
patients with GFR under____ are prone to incr_____
under 15 (stage 5); incr ECF
anemia is dx’d in CKD in males at Hb_____, in females_____
males Hb under 13
females Hb under 12
how often to check for anemia in stage 1-2
when clinically indicated
how often to check for anemia in stage 3
annually
how often to check for anemia in stage 4,5
2x/year
goal Hb with tx in CKD
10-11 g/DL
what is the #2 cause of death in CKD
malnutrition
what endogenous substance is a uremic toxin
PTH
goal for phosphorus levels
keep (Ca)(P) below 55
when should you use caution with radiocontrast in CKD
GFR under 60
when is it contraindicated to use gadolinium based contrast in CKD unless no alternatives
GFR under 15
when should you offer macrocyclic chelate preparation to use gadolinium based contrast in CKD
GFR under 30
risk of gadolinium based contrast in CKD
nephrogenic systemic fibrosis
