bladder cancer

Question 1

microscopic hematuria

Answer 1

> 3 RBC per high power field

Question 2

changes assc’d with glomerular hematuria (3)

Answer 2

1. significant proteinuria
2. dysmorphic RBC
3. red cell casts

Question 3

standard of care for hematuria eval

Answer 3

CT urogram

Question 4

2nd most common GU cancer

Answer 4

bladder cancer

Question 5

most common type of bladder cancer

Answer 5

urothelial (transitional cell) carcinoma

Question 6

which type of cancer is assc’d with chronic urothelial irritation?

Answer 6

squamous cell carcinoma

Question 7

which type of cancer arises from the urachus at the dome of the bladder?

Answer 7

adenocarcinoma

Question 8

biggest risk factor for bladder cancer

Answer 8

cigarette smoking

Question 9

most bladder cancers are what stage?

Answer 9

noninvasive (Ta, T1, CIS)

Question 10

if stage T2, T3 found, then w/u?

Answer 10

1. CT scan
2. chest radiography
3. serum chemistries

Question 11

most recurrences for noninvasive disease occur when?

Answer 11

in first 2 years

Question 12

what is the only agent that can prevent noninvasive disease from turning into invasive disease?

Answer 12

BCG

Question 13

what tx can be given for tumor prophylaxis (Ta, T1)

Answer 13

BCG

Question 14

what is used as single instillation after TURBT to prevent tumor implantation

Answer 14

mitomycin C

Question 15

what has the highest cure rate for muscle invasive disease?

Answer 15

radical cystectomy

Question 16

what is the standard of care for muscle invasive disease

Answer 16

radical cystectomy

Question 17

what do you remove in a radical cystectomy in a man?

Answer 17

bladder, prostate, pelvic LN, urethra

Question 18

what do you remove in a radical cystectomy in a woman?

Answer 18

bladder, uterus, cervix, ovaries, aterior vaginal wall, pelvic LN, urethra

Question 19

painless gross hematuria

Answer 19

bladder cancer until proven otherwise

Question 20

greatest risk factor for bladder cancer

Answer 20

smoking

Question 21

majority of bladder cancers are ____but ____

Answer 21

noninvasive but recur frequently