Homicide and Murder Flashcards
Criminal Code of Canada Homicide?
- ## a person commits this when they directly or indirectly by any means cause the death of another human being
Culpable Homicide?
-death is caused by an unlawful act and criminal negligence ( carelessness)
Non-culpable Homicide?
- self defence, significant MD ( hard to prove though)
L> in other wards not to be blamed for the death
Murder?
unlawful, planned taking of someones life
1st Degree Murder?
- a lot of forethought
2nd Degree Murder?
- not as premeditated, in the moment…emotional etc
Homicide examples?(umbrella term)(5)
- acceleration of death, negligence of care, death via treating injury, infanticide - omission: letting go, Commission : active killing, manslaughter
Most homicides are ? (3)
- not premeditated, committed by someone known to the victim, single-victim incidents
Gang related homicides have ____. In 1993 ___ homicides classified as gang related occurred. Ex: Bystander killed, late payment etc. It peaked in 2008 with ___ gang related killings. In 2010 it went down to ___.
- increased, 13, 138, 94
What province has the largest gang related activity?
What province has recently had an increase in gang homicides.
- saskatchewan, Winnipeg
The most common homicide is shooting at __%. With stabbing, beating, strangulation: __% there is a known relationship between the victim and perpetrator.
- 30%
- 83% (fairly stable for 10 years)
In 2003, __% of homicides where single victims.
96%
__% those charged with homicide consumed a substance at the time of crime. __% victims with substance intake at the time of the homicide.
- 70
- 60
Homicide rates by province based on victims:
-In 2010 what two provinces increased?
-What city in Ontario increased in homicide rates?
- What 3 provinces were fairly stable and lower than other places.
L> judging by these 3 what can you infer on rates and cities?
- NB and NS
- Thunderbay
- Toronto, Montreal and Vancouver
- homicide is not restricted to big cities…
Holmes and Holmes (1998) definition of mass murder?
- amount killed, location, time frame?
- cooling off?
- how are they caught etc? (3)
- killing 3+ people at one time in one place
- killing people over the course of a few minutes or hours, with no cooling off period
- almost always arrested, shot by police or commit suicide
Some estimate that mass murderers collectively claim __-__ people a year in the US.
150-200
Mass murder over time?
- how many killings since1900?
- trends?
- 909
- Mass murder and homicide are similar in trends
- 1940: after war, more family, jobs, home ownership, education went up, murder and homicide went down!
- 1966: big mass murder spike
- downward spike since 1990
Average Death toll?
remained constant to about 4-6 from 1900-99
Average wounded?
increased over time
Weapon type:
Gun
other
Fire
- 74% 1990-99
- 14%
- 12%
Victim - offender Relationship: 1990-99
Family
Stranger
Acquaintance
- 39%
- 24%
- 37%
Public Location ?
17-40%
Public Shooting?
8-15% (2012 bad year for workplace)
Average Age??
1900?
1940 and up?
- 38-43 years old
- decreasing to 20’s
Characteristics of a Mass Murder?
Katsavdakis, Meloy and White (2011) and Duwe(2004)
(7)
- triggering event
- intentionally plan and prepare for assault
- methodically kill as many individuals as possible
- do not threaten beforehand
- presence of psychotic disorder (paranoia)
- warrior mentality
- higher chance of suicide
Typologies of Mass Murder ( Holmes and Holmes, 1992)
5
- Family annihilator
- Pseudo-commando or barricaded sniper
- set and run killer
- Disciple killers
- disgruntled worker killers
Pseudo-commando or Barricaded sniper ?
- stockpiler of guns etc….carefully planned attack
- lash out at world which is not right in some way
- victims usually random
- can be geographically mobile
Set and run killer?
- motivated to go down in infamy
- tend to what to be away from the actually incident when it occurs ..aka not looking for suicide..keep anonymous
Disciple killers ?
- follows commands of a charismatic leader..
- want to please leader
- random victims or symbolic meaning known only to leader..
- usually committed near where the leader is
Disgruntled worker killer?
- former employee or someone about to lose job
- sometimes medical or mental disability caused to leave work
- move around workplace with a target in mind but almost always kill randomly and indiscriminality as they wander
- lashing out at some perceived un fairness
Spree Murders? (special cases) definition? - victim amount? -locations ? -cooling off? - planed or not?
a series of murders connected to one event committed over a period of hours or days
- several victims
- many kill in one or more locations
- without cooling off
- lack planning and tend to end up in stand off
Worst Spree Killer is? in 1982
- killed how many? wounded?
- description of event?
- time frame?
- end game?
Woo Bum-Kon
- 57, 35
- walked house to house used his position as a police officer to gain entry and shot the victims or killed the entire family with a grenade
- 8 hours, attacked five villages
- killed himself
Anders Behring Brevik? - killed 77 people injured hundreds (20110 description: -planned -trigger event -against society - general location - warrior mentality MASS OR SPREE KILLER?
- Mass murderer
L> Pseudo commando or barricaded sniper
Holmes and Holmes Definition of a Serial Murder?
- killing of three or more people over a period of more than 30 days with a significant cooling off period between killings…
There are ~__ serial killers that kill 200 people per year in the US. In the US active at any time they have __% of the worlds serial killers.
35
85
Ted Bundy ( Serial Killer) US John Wayne Gacy (serial Killer) US
- 30 homicides, 1974-78, necrophile, 7 states, rapist
- killer clown, rapist, killer, 33 teenage boys, 1972-78, Chicago, buried 27 in crawl space of house.
Robert Pickton? (Canadian Serial killer )
- 1998-2001
- prostitutes
- pig farm
- strangle/ shoot, dismember them
- 60+ accused for
- charged with 27, convicted for 6 2nd degree
- fed remains to pigs
Common Characteristics of Serial Murderers Behaviour? (7)
- crime is repetitive
- one on one murder
- often unknown relationship with victim( those that won’t be missed)
- motivated by some driving force
- take precautions to avoid being caught
- like to taunt police
- anger towards a type of victim, revenge or message to society
Most vulnerable to serial murders?
- female, uni students, elderly,
Visionary Killers? ( Holmes and DeBurger)
inner voice that orders them to kill - psychotic
Mission orientated killer? Holmes and DeBurger)
their job to punish / save certain victims ex: prostitutes
Hedonistic killer? (Holmes and DeBurger)
gain/express power over others…thrill out of it/high…sexual gratification
Power or Control Orientated killer Holmes and DeBurger)
dominate victims, rape, assault, to express dominance, lust for power and control
Profile of a serial killer??(3)
- usually white and 25-30 yrs old
- from various SES groups, occupations but education level is usually very low
- usually stranger to the victim
Characteristics of a Serial Killer: - mean age at first murder? L> Caucasian, African American? -History, non or previous? - Average # of victims - Victim is usually a ? -career length? -work alone or in groups? -Geographically stable vs transient - sexual activity stats with victim?
- 26 years old, 81% white, 16% african american
- previous criminal history
- 8
- stranger (87%)
- 4.1 years
- alone
- stable : same radius/ area, transient: area to area..higher number of victims and career length
- 50%
What percentage of serial killers have a partner?
What percent had a career of a year or less
16%
1/2
Serial killers common choice for murder and geo situation?
hands on, stable not transient
Female Serial Killers??
- Kelleher and Kelleher ( 1998)
- insufficient data
- argue female serial killers are more successful, careful, precise, methodological and quiet in committing their crimes,
- as lethal as make serial killers
Aileen Wuornos?
- serial killer
-7 men
L> argued they did or tried to rape her
-executed in 2002 - first female serial killer caught ever
Female Serial killers methods are hard to detect…ex?
- poison…
Internet Black Widow?
- NS
- 4 men
- 78 years old
- driven via monitory gain
