Chapter 5: additional info from text

Question 1

YCJA’s main purpose? (3)

Answer 1

1. prevent youth crime
2. provide meaningful consequences and encourage responsibility of behaviour..
3. improve rehabilitation and reintegration of youth.

Question 2

Extrajudicial Measures???

Answer 2

alternatives to formal charges…community options….or less serious alts…before being charged.

Question 3

Custodial services are reserved for ?

Answer 3

violent crimes….

Question 4

Child-onset juvenile offenders?

Answer 4

behavioural problems begin in childhood..often have a history dating back to daycare…..as babies difficult to sooth and problematic temperaments…and aggressive with other kids.

Question 5

Adolescent- onset juvenile offenders?

Answer 5

show signs of behavioural problems in their teens.

antisocial acts such as truancy, theft, and vandalism

Question 6

Reactive Agression?

Answer 6

emotionally aggressive response to a perceived threat or frustration (tend to have early onset problems)

Question 7

Proactive aggression?

Answer 7

aggression directed to achieving a goal or receiving positive reinforcements

Question 8

What are the five main correlates of delinquency for male and female youths?

Answer 8

1. inconsistent parenting
2. history of victimization
3. antisocial peer involvement
4. negative school attachment
5. aggression

Question 9

Resilient’s is a term used for what kind of youths?

Answer 9

those faced with multiple risk factors but do not commit crime..

Question 10

Protective factors are?

Answer 10

variables or factors that if present decrease the likelihood of a - outcome such as antisocial behaviour and juvenile offending or increase the likelihood of a positive outcome.

Question 11

Rutter identifies four ways protective factors are helpful. What are they?

Answer 11

1. reduce - outcomes by changing the lvl of the child’s exposure to a risk factor.
2. Change the - chain reactions following exposure to risk
3. help develop and maintain self-esteem and self-efficacy
4. present opportunities that the children would otherwise not have!

Question 12

Internalizing Problems?(under 12 years)

Answer 12

emotional difficulties such as anxiety, depression, and obsessions.

Question 13

Externalizing Problems?(under 12 years)

Answer 13

behavioural difficulties such as delinquency, fighting, bullying, lying and destructive behaviour.
Males ***
more long term **

Question 14

Primary Intervention strategies?

Answer 14

implemented prior to any violence occurring..with the goal to decrease the likelihood violence will occur later one

Question 15

Secondary Intervention Strategies?

Answer 15

attempt to reduce the frequency of violence

Question 16

Tertiary Intervention Strategies?

Answer 16

attempt to prevent violence from reoccurring

Question 17

Family orientated strategies? (2)

Answer 17

Parent-focused interventions: help parents learn tools to effectively manage any behavioural issues and spot warning signs.
Family-supportive interventions: connect at risk families to various support services.

Question 18

Internalizing Problems?(under 12 years)

Answer 18

emotional difficulties such as anxiety, depression, and obsessions.

Question 19

Externalizing Problems?(under 12 years)

Answer 19

behavioural difficulties such as delinquency, fighting, bullying, lying and destructive behaviour.
Males ***
more long term **

Question 20

Primary Intervention strategies?

Answer 20

implemented prior to any violence occurring..with the goal to decrease the likelihood violence will occur later one

Question 21

Secondary Intervention Strategies?

Answer 21

attempt to reduce the frequency of violence

Question 22

Tertiary Intervention Strategies?

Answer 22

attempt to prevent violence from reoccurring

Question 23

Family orientated strategies? (2)

Answer 23

Parent-focused interventions: help parents learn tools to effectively manage any behavioural issues and spot warning signs.
Family-supportive interventions: connect at risk families to various support services.