homeostasis: osmotic regulation Flashcards
freshwater animals live in a ___ environment
hypotonic environment
freshwater animals maintain salt and water balance by actively absorbing ___ to flush out excess ____
-sodium chloride
-water
what produces dilute urine by reabsorbing salt to flush out water in freshwater animals?
glomerular kidney
what type of environments do marine/saltwater animals live in?
hypertonic environment
marine animals get rid of ____ through the gills
excess salt
marine animals absorb water from the ___
stomach
what are some issues terrestrial animals face in terms of water and salt balance?
-lose water through evaporation across respiratory and body surfaces, excretion of urine, and elimination of feces
-need to get rid of or convert toxic ammonia
what is the glomerulus
network of capillaries projecting into the functional unit of the kidney, one in each nephron, where wastes are filtered from the blood
the glomerlus has a ___ blood pressure which forces filtrate into _____
-high
-bowmans capsule
what does the filter contain:
water, ions, urea, glucose, aa
what remains in circulation?
red blood cells and proteins
bowmans capsule
solute enters the convoluted tubules and the loop of henle, where active and passive transport processes reabsorb water and ions necessary
what is excreted in humans?
urea and enough water
what is osmoregulation?
maintenance of homeostasis of an organisms water and salt content
why is water necessary?
-where lifes chemical reactions occur
