Ch.6 Organic Evolution ; Part 1

Question 1

when did the making of Darwin’s evolutionary theory begin?

Answer 1

began when he traveled on the Beagle and became influenced on Lyells principle of uniformitarianism.

Question 2

uniformitarianism

Answer 2

-rates of rock formation was very slow: Earth was much older than predicted
-the laws of physics and chemistry have not changed, therefore past geological events were natural processes similar to today.

Question 3

what occurred during Darwin’s voyage?

Answer 3

he collected fossils, organisms, and made observations. he noticed that fossils are different than modern day organisms (evolution).

Question 4

what was the most important observation Darwin made during the voyage?

Answer 4

made observations in a species of finches in the Galapagos islands. concluded that life originated on the mainland and was modified in the various environments of the islands; products of evolutionary change

Question 5

post voyage influences:

Answer 5

-studied artificially collected pigeons and noticed that they look and behave differently from the species they bred from. (common ancestry)
-malthus article: struggle for existence because of overpopulation and lack of resources would be a powerful force for the evolution of species.

Question 6

explain the evidence for perpetual change

Answer 6

fossil record;allows observation of evolutionary change over broad periods of time by examining trends.

Question 7

fossil trends

Answer 7

changes in features and diversity of organisms.

Question 8

homology is the evidence for ____

Answer 8

common descent

Question 9

homology

Answer 9

the same organ in different organisms under every variety of form and function or in embryos.

Question 10

Lamarkism-inheritance of acquired characteristics

Answer 10

individual organisms transform their characteristics to produce evolution

Question 11

what is incorrect about Lemarks view?

Answer 11

environment does not change DNA