community ecology

Question 1

benefits both interactors

Answer 1

mutualism

Question 2

commensalism

Answer 2

benefits one but not the other

Question 3

parasitism

Answer 3

benefits the parasite and harms the host

Question 4

what occurs when two species share a limiting resource

Answer 4

competition

Question 5

what does competition reduce?

Answer 5

fitness of both species

Question 6

what does competition depend on?

Answer 6

degree of niche overlap’ how much is shared between

Question 7

what are the possible outcomes of competition?

Answer 7

1. one will exclude the other
   2.partitioning: share resources, split into parts, specializes
   3.character displacement: morphology or behavior of a species shifts so that they do not compete with eachother directly

Question 8

character displacement is the result of

Answer 8

specialization

Question 9

co evolutionary relationships include

Answer 9

animals and plants

Question 10

influence of the evolution of immune systems and parasites defense against it

Answer 10

parasite-host relationship

Question 11

what are the various defenses among predator prey relationships

Answer 11

-crypsis
-aposematic coloration
-mimicry

Question 12

crypsis

Answer 12

potential prey matches environment; camo

Question 13

toxic or distasteful animals have bright colors or conspicuous behavior-chemically defended

Answer 13

aposematic coloration

Question 14

mimicry

Answer 14

animals without defenses evolve to resemble those that do

Question 15

key stone species

Answer 15

critical to a community that its loss causes drastic changes to community

Question 16

___ reduce competition and allow more species to coexist on the same resource

Answer 16

key stone species

Question 17

ecosystem

Answer 17

biological community of interacting organism’s with their physical env

Question 18

what is the organization of an ecosystem?

Answer 18

1.primary producers
2.herbivores
3.carnivores
4.decomposers

Question 19

ecosystems have ___ systems

Answer 19

open; energy can be lost from and must be gained from the environment