Homeostasis - blood glucose Flashcards
What is homeostasis?
Homeostasis is the maintenance of an internal environment within restricted limits of an organism
Importance of homeostasis
Enzymes are pH and Temperature specific
Changes to water potential = burst
Ability to adapt to a wider environment, greater survival rate
5 features of a feedback mechanism (ORCEF)
Optimum point
Receptor
Coordinator
Effective
Feedback mechanism
Negative feedback
Where a change reduces the effect of a change (blood glucose)
Positive feedback
A deviation from an optimum causes even greater deviation from normal
Ectotherms
Rely on outside sources to regulate body temperature
- Basking in sunlight
- Shelter
- Warmth from the ground
Endortherms
Rely on inside sources to regulate body temperature
- vasoconstriction & vasodilation
- sweating
- shivering
- movement of hair
Role of the pancreas in the control of blood glucose concentration
Made of cells that produce digestive enzymes known as Islets of Langerhans.
Different types of cells of the islets of langerhans
Alpha cells = produce glucagon
Beta cells = produce insulin
Role of the liver in regulating blood sugar
It is where insulin and glucagon take effect.
Three processes that take place in the liver
Glycogenesis
Glycogenolysis
Gluconeogensis
What is glycogenesis?
The conversion of glucose into glycogen
GENESIS = SYNTHESIS
What is glycogenolysis?
The breakdown of glycogen to glucose
HYDROLYSIS = BREAKING DOWN
What is gluconeogensis?
The production of glucose from other sources like amino acids and glycerol
Factors effecting blood glucose concentration
Diet - glucose from carbohydrates
Glycogenolysis
Gluconeogensis