4.1: The structure of the cell surface membrane Flashcards
All membranes around and within all cells (including the membranes around and within cell organelles) have the same what?
All membranes:
1. Around
2. Within
all cells (including the membranes around and within cell organelles) have the same basic structure
All membranes around and within all cells (including the membranes around and within cell organelles) have the same basic structure and are known as what?
All membranes around and within all cells (including the membranes around and within cell organelles):
- Have the same basic structure
- Are known as plasma membranes
All membranes around and within all cells (including the membranes around and within cell organelles) have the same basic structure and are known as plasma membranes.
The cell-surface membrane is the name specifically given to the plasma membrane that does what?
The cell-surface membrane is the name specifically given to the plasma membrane that:
- Surrounds cells
- Forms the boundary between the cell cytoplasm and the environment
All membranes around and within all cells (including the membranes around and within cell organelles) have the same basic structure and are known as plasma membranes.
The cell-surface membrane is the name specifically given to the plasma membrane that surrounds cells and forms the boundary between the cell cytoplasm and the environment.
It allows what to be established inside and outside a cell?
The cell-surface membrane allows different conditions to be established:
1. Inside
2. Outside
a cell
All membranes around and within all cells (including the membranes around and within cell organelles) have the same basic structure and are known as plasma membranes.
The cell-surface membrane is the name specifically given to the plasma membrane that surrounds cells and forms the boundary between the cell cytoplasm and the environment.
It allows different conditions to be established inside and outside a cell.
It controls the what in and out of the cell?
The cell-surface membrane controls the movement of substances:
1. In
2. Out
of the cell
All membranes around and within all cells (including the membranes around and within cell organelles) have the same basic structure and are known as plasma membranes.
The cell-surface membrane is the name specifically given to the plasma membrane that surrounds cells and forms the boundary between the cell cytoplasm and the environment.
It allows different conditions to be established inside and outside a cell.
It controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell.
What are the molecules that form the structure of cell-surface membranes?
The molecules that form the structure of cell-surface membranes are:
- Phospholipids
- Proteins
- Cholesterol
- Glycolipids
- Glycoproteins
The molecules that form the structure of cell-surface membranes are phospholipids, proteins, cholesterol, glycolipids and glycoproteins.
Phospholipids form a what?
Phospholipids form a bilayer
The molecules that form the structure of cell-surface membranes are phospholipids, proteins, cholesterol, glycolipids and glycoproteins.
Phospholipids form a bilayer.
Phospholipids are important components of cell-surface membranes for the following reasons:
1. The hydrophilic what of both phospholipid layers point to what?
The hydrophilic heads of both phospholipid layers point to the outside of the cell-surface membrane
The molecules that form the structure of cell-surface membranes are phospholipids, proteins, cholesterol, glycolipids and glycoproteins.
Phospholipids form a bilayer.
Phospholipids are important components of cell-surface membranes for the following reasons:
1. The hydrophilic heads of both phospholipid layers point to the outside of the cell-surface membrane, what on both sides?
The hydrophilic heads of both phospholipid layers point to the outside of the cell-surface membrane, attracted by water on both sides
The molecules that form the structure of cell-surface membranes are phospholipids, proteins, cholesterol, glycolipids and glycoproteins.
Phospholipids form a bilayer.
Phospholipids are important components of cell-surface membranes for the following reasons:
1. The hydrophilic heads of both phospholipid layers point to the outside of the cell-surface membrane, attracted by water on both sides.
2. The hydrophobic what of both phospholipid layers point into what?
The hydrophobic tails of both phospholipid layers point into the centre of the cell membrane
The molecules that form the structure of cell-surface membranes are phospholipids, proteins, cholesterol, glycolipids and glycoproteins.
Phospholipids form a bilayer.
Phospholipids are important components of cell-surface membranes for the following reasons:
1. The hydrophilic heads of both phospholipid layers point to the outside of the cell-surface membrane, attracted by water on both sides.
2. The hydrophobic tails of both phospholipid layers point into the centre of the cell membrane, what on both sides?
The hydrophobic tails of both phospholipid layers point into the centre of the cell membrane, repelled by the water on both sides
The molecules that form the structure of cell-surface membranes are phospholipids, proteins, cholesterol, glycolipids and glycoproteins.
Phospholipids form a bilayer.
Phospholipids are important components of cell-surface membranes for the following reasons:
1. The hydrophilic heads of both phospholipid layers point to the outside of the cell-surface membrane, attracted by water on both sides.
2. The hydrophobic tails of both phospholipid layers point into the centre of the cell membrane, repelled by the water on both sides.
What moves through the membrane?
Lipid-soluble material moves through the membrane
The molecules that form the structure of cell-surface membranes are phospholipids, proteins, cholesterol, glycolipids and glycoproteins.
Phospholipids form a bilayer.
Phospholipids are important components of cell-surface membranes for the following reasons:
1. The hydrophilic heads of both phospholipid layers point to the outside of the cell-surface membrane, attracted by water on both sides.
2. The hydrophobic tails of both phospholipid layers point into the centre of the cell membrane, repelled by the water on both sides.
Lipid-soluble material moves through the membrane via what?
Lipid-soluble material moves through the membrane via the phospholipid bilayer
The molecules that form the structure of cell-surface membranes are phospholipids, proteins, cholesterol, glycolipids and glycoproteins.
Phospholipids form a bilayer.
Phospholipids are important components of cell-surface membranes for the following reasons:
1. The hydrophilic heads of both phospholipid layers point to the outside of the cell-surface membrane, attracted by water on both sides.
2. The hydrophobic tails of both phospholipid layers point into the centre of the cell membrane, repelled by the water on both sides.
Lipid-soluble material moves through the membrane via the phospholipid bilayer.
The functions of phospholipids in the membrane are to:
1. Allow what?
The functions of phospholipids in the membrane are to allow lipid-soluble substances to:
1. Enter
2. Leave
the cell
The molecules that form the structure of cell-surface membranes are phospholipids, proteins, cholesterol, glycolipids and glycoproteins.
Phospholipids form a bilayer.
Phospholipids are important components of cell-surface membranes for the following reasons:
1. The hydrophilic heads of both phospholipid layers point to the outside of the cell-surface membrane, attracted by water on both sides.
2. The hydrophobic tails of both phospholipid layers point into the centre of the cell membrane, repelled by the water on both sides.
Lipid-soluble material moves through the membrane via the phospholipid bilayer.
The functions of phospholipids in the membrane are to:
1. Allow lipid-soluble substances to enter and leave the cell.
2. Prevent what?
The functions of phospholipids in the membrane are to prevent water-soluble substances:
1. Entering
2. Leaving
the cell
The molecules that form the structure of cell-surface membranes are phospholipids, proteins, cholesterol, glycolipids and glycoproteins.
Phospholipids form a bilayer.
Phospholipids are important components of cell-surface membranes for the following reasons:
1. The hydrophilic heads of both phospholipid layers point to the outside of the cell-surface membrane, attracted by water on both sides.
2. The hydrophobic tails of both phospholipid layers point into the centre of the cell membrane, repelled by the water on both sides.
Lipid-soluble material moves through the membrane via the phospholipid bilayer.
The functions of phospholipids in the membrane are to:
1. Allow lipid-soluble substances to enter and leave the cell.
2. Prevent water-soluble substances entering and leaving the cell.
3. Make the membrane what?
The functions of phospholipids in the membrane are to make the membrane:
- Flexible
- Self-sealing
The molecules that form the structure of cell-surface membranes are phospholipids, proteins, cholesterol, glycolipids and glycoproteins.
Proteins are what throughout the cell surface membrane?
Proteins are interspersed throughout the cell surface membrane
The molecules that form the structure of cell-surface membranes are phospholipids, proteins, cholesterol, glycolipids and glycoproteins.
Proteins are interspersed throughout the cell surface membrane.
Proteins are embedded in the phospholipid bilayer in 2 main ways:
1. Some proteins occur where?
Some proteins occur in the surface of the phospholipid bilayer
The molecules that form the structure of cell-surface membranes are phospholipids, proteins, cholesterol, glycolipids and glycoproteins.
Proteins are interspersed throughout the cell surface membrane.
Proteins are embedded in the phospholipid bilayer in 2 main ways:
1. Some proteins occur in the surface of the phospholipid bilayer and never do what?
Some proteins:
- Occur in the surface of the phospholipid bilayer
- Never extend completely across it
The molecules that form the structure of cell-surface membranes are phospholipids, proteins, cholesterol, glycolipids and glycoproteins.
Proteins are interspersed throughout the cell surface membrane.
Proteins are embedded in the phospholipid bilayer in 2 main ways:
1. Some proteins occur in the surface of the phospholipid bilayer and never extend completely across it.
They act either to do what or, in conjunction with glycolipids, as what?
They act either:
1. To give mechanical support to the membrane
Or,
2. In conjunction with glycolipids, as cell receptors
The molecules that form the structure of cell-surface membranes are phospholipids, proteins, cholesterol, glycolipids and glycoproteins.
Proteins are interspersed throughout the cell surface membrane.
Proteins are embedded in the phospholipid bilayer in 2 main ways:
1. Some proteins occur in the surface of the phospholipid bilayer and never extend completely across it.
They act either to give mechanical support to the membrane or, in conjunction with glycolipids, as cell receptors for what?
They act either:
1. To give mechanical support to the membrane
Or,
2. In conjunction with glycolipids, as cell receptors for molecules such as hormones
The molecules that form the structure of cell-surface membranes are phospholipids, proteins, cholesterol, glycolipids and glycoproteins.
Proteins are interspersed throughout the cell surface membrane.
Proteins are embedded in the phospholipid bilayer in 2 main ways:
1. Some proteins occur in the surface of the phospholipid bilayer and never extend completely across it.
They act either to give mechanical support to the membrane or, in conjunction with glycolipids, as cell receptors for molecules such as hormones.
2. Other proteins completely do what?
Other proteins completely span the phospholipid bilayer
The molecules that form the structure of cell-surface membranes are phospholipids, proteins, cholesterol, glycolipids and glycoproteins.
Proteins are interspersed throughout the cell surface membrane.
Proteins are embedded in the phospholipid bilayer in 2 main ways:
1. Some proteins occur in the surface of the phospholipid bilayer and never extend completely across it.
They act either to give mechanical support to the membrane or, in conjunction with glycolipids, as cell receptors for molecules such as hormones.
2. Other proteins completely span the phospholipid bilayer from what?
Other proteins completely span the phospholipid bilayer from:
1. One side
to
2. The other
The molecules that form the structure of cell-surface membranes are phospholipids, proteins, cholesterol, glycolipids and glycoproteins.
Proteins are interspersed throughout the cell surface membrane.
Proteins are embedded in the phospholipid bilayer in 2 main ways:
1. Some proteins occur in the surface of the phospholipid bilayer and never extend completely across it.
They act either to give mechanical support to the membrane or, in conjunction with glycolipids, as cell receptors for molecules such as hormones.
2. Other proteins completely span the phospholipid bilayer from one side to the other.
Some proteins are protein channels.
What do protein channels do?
Protein channels form water-filled tubes to allow water-soluble ions to diffuse across the membrane
The molecules that form the structure of cell-surface membranes are phospholipids, proteins, cholesterol, glycolipids and glycoproteins.
Proteins are interspersed throughout the cell surface membrane.
Proteins are embedded in the phospholipid bilayer in 2 main ways:
1. Some proteins occur in the surface of the phospholipid bilayer and never extend completely across it.
They act either to give mechanical support to the membrane or, in conjunction with glycolipids, as cell receptors for molecules such as hormones.
2. Other proteins completely span the phospholipid bilayer from one side to the other.
Some proteins are protein channels.
Protein channels form water-filled tubes to allow water-soluble ions to diffuse across the membrane.
Other proteins are what?
Other proteins are carrier proteins
The molecules that form the structure of cell-surface membranes are phospholipids, proteins, cholesterol, glycolipids and glycoproteins.
Proteins are interspersed throughout the cell surface membrane.
Proteins are embedded in the phospholipid bilayer in 2 main ways:
1. Some proteins occur in the surface of the phospholipid bilayer and never extend completely across it.
They act either to give mechanical support to the membrane or, in conjunction with glycolipids, as cell receptors for molecules such as hormones.
2. Other proteins completely span the phospholipid bilayer from one side to the other.
Some proteins are protein channels.
Protein channels form water-filled tubes to allow water-soluble ions to diffuse across the membrane.
Other proteins are carrier proteins that do what?
Other proteins are carrier proteins that:
- Bind to ions or molecules like glucose and amino acids
- Then change shape in order to move these molecules across the membrane
The molecules that form the structure of cell-surface membranes are phospholipids, proteins, cholesterol, glycolipids and glycoproteins.
Proteins are interspersed throughout the cell surface membrane.
Proteins are embedded in the phospholipid bilayer in 2 main ways:
1. Some proteins occur in the surface of the phospholipid bilayer and never extend completely across it.
They act either to give mechanical support to the membrane or, in conjunction with glycolipids, as cell receptors for molecules such as hormones.
2. Other proteins completely span the phospholipid bilayer from one side to the other.
Some proteins are protein channels.
Protein channels form water-filled tubes to allow water-soluble ions to diffuse across the membrane.
Other proteins are carrier proteins that bind to ions or molecules like glucose and amino acids and then change shape in order to move these molecules across the membrane.
The functions of the proteins in the membrane are to:
1. Provide what?
The functions of the proteins in the membrane are to provide structural support
The molecules that form the structure of cell-surface membranes are phospholipids, proteins, cholesterol, glycolipids and glycoproteins.
Proteins are interspersed throughout the cell surface membrane.
Proteins are embedded in the phospholipid bilayer in 2 main ways:
1. Some proteins occur in the surface of the phospholipid bilayer and never extend completely across it.
They act either to give mechanical support to the membrane or, in conjunction with glycolipids, as cell receptors for molecules such as hormones.
2. Other proteins completely span the phospholipid bilayer from one side to the other.
Some proteins are protein channels.
Protein channels form water-filled tubes to allow water-soluble ions to diffuse across the membrane.
Other proteins are carrier proteins that bind to ions or molecules like glucose and amino acids and then change shape in order to move these molecules across the membrane.
The functions of the proteins in the membrane are to:
1. Provide structural support.
2. Act as channels, doing what?
The functions of the proteins in the membrane are to act as channels, transporting water-soluble substances across the membrane
The molecules that form the structure of cell-surface membranes are phospholipids, proteins, cholesterol, glycolipids and glycoproteins.
Proteins are interspersed throughout the cell surface membrane.
Proteins are embedded in the phospholipid bilayer in 2 main ways:
1. Some proteins occur in the surface of the phospholipid bilayer and never extend completely across it.
They act either to give mechanical support to the membrane or, in conjunction with glycolipids, as cell receptors for molecules such as hormones.
2. Other proteins completely span the phospholipid bilayer from one side to the other.
Some proteins are protein channels.
Protein channels form water-filled tubes to allow water-soluble ions to diffuse across the membrane.
Other proteins are carrier proteins that bind to ions or molecules like glucose and amino acids and then change shape in order to move these molecules across the membrane.
The functions of the proteins in the membrane are to:
1. Provide structural support.
2. Act as channels, transporting water-soluble substances across the membrane.
3. Allow what through carrier proteins?
The functions of the proteins in the membrane are to allow active transport across the membrane through carrier proteins
The molecules that form the structure of cell-surface membranes are phospholipids, proteins, cholesterol, glycolipids and glycoproteins.
Proteins are interspersed throughout the cell surface membrane.
Proteins are embedded in the phospholipid bilayer in 2 main ways:
1. Some proteins occur in the surface of the phospholipid bilayer and never extend completely across it.
They act either to give mechanical support to the membrane or, in conjunction with glycolipids, as cell receptors for molecules such as hormones.
2. Other proteins completely span the phospholipid bilayer from one side to the other.
Some proteins are protein channels.
Protein channels form water-filled tubes to allow water-soluble ions to diffuse across the membrane.
Other proteins are carrier proteins that bind to ions or molecules like glucose and amino acids and then change shape in order to move these molecules across the membrane.
The functions of the proteins in the membrane are to:
1. Provide structural support.
2. Act as channels, transporting water-soluble substances across the membrane.
3. Allow active transport across the membrane through carrier proteins.
4. Form what?
The functions of the proteins in the membrane are to form cell-surface receptors
The molecules that form the structure of cell-surface membranes are phospholipids, proteins, cholesterol, glycolipids and glycoproteins.
Proteins are interspersed throughout the cell surface membrane.
Proteins are embedded in the phospholipid bilayer in 2 main ways:
1. Some proteins occur in the surface of the phospholipid bilayer and never extend completely across it.
They act either to give mechanical support to the membrane or, in conjunction with glycolipids, as cell receptors for molecules such as hormones.
2. Other proteins completely span the phospholipid bilayer from one side to the other.
Some proteins are protein channels.
Protein channels form water-filled tubes to allow water-soluble ions to diffuse across the membrane.
Other proteins are carrier proteins that bind to ions or molecules like glucose and amino acids and then change shape in order to move these molecules across the membrane.
The functions of the proteins in the membrane are to:
1. Provide structural support.
2. Act as channels, transporting water-soluble substances across the membrane.
3. Allow active transport across the membrane through carrier proteins.
4. Form cell-surface receptors for doing what?
The functions of the proteins in the membrane are to form cell-surface receptors for identifying cells
The molecules that form the structure of cell-surface membranes are phospholipids, proteins, cholesterol, glycolipids and glycoproteins.
Proteins are interspersed throughout the cell surface membrane.
Proteins are embedded in the phospholipid bilayer in 2 main ways:
1. Some proteins occur in the surface of the phospholipid bilayer and never extend completely across it.
They act either to give mechanical support to the membrane or, in conjunction with glycolipids, as cell receptors for molecules such as hormones.
2. Other proteins completely span the phospholipid bilayer from one side to the other.
Some proteins are protein channels.
Protein channels form water-filled tubes to allow water-soluble ions to diffuse across the membrane.
Other proteins are carrier proteins that bind to ions or molecules like glucose and amino acids and then change shape in order to move these molecules across the membrane.
The functions of the proteins in the membrane are to:
1. Provide structural support.
2. Act as channels, transporting water-soluble substances across the membrane.
3. Allow active transport across the membrane through carrier proteins.
4. Form cell-surface receptors for identifying cells.
5. Help cells do what?
The functions of the proteins in the membrane are to help cells adhere together
The molecules that form the structure of cell-surface membranes are phospholipids, proteins, cholesterol, glycolipids and glycoproteins.
Proteins are interspersed throughout the cell surface membrane.
Proteins are embedded in the phospholipid bilayer in 2 main ways:
1. Some proteins occur in the surface of the phospholipid bilayer and never extend completely across it.
They act either to give mechanical support to the membrane or, in conjunction with glycolipids, as cell receptors for molecules such as hormones.
2. Other proteins completely span the phospholipid bilayer from one side to the other.
Some proteins are protein channels.
Protein channels form water-filled tubes to allow water-soluble ions to diffuse across the membrane.
Other proteins are carrier proteins that bind to ions or molecules like glucose and amino acids and then change shape in order to move these molecules across the membrane.
The functions of the proteins in the membrane are to:
1. Provide structural support.
2. Act as channels, transporting water-soluble substances across the membrane.
3. Allow active transport across the membrane through carrier proteins.
4. Form cell-surface receptors for identifying cells.
5. Help cells adhere together.
6. Act as what?
The functions of the proteins in the membrane are to act as receptors
The molecules that form the structure of cell-surface membranes are phospholipids, proteins, cholesterol, glycolipids and glycoproteins.
Proteins are interspersed throughout the cell surface membrane.
Proteins are embedded in the phospholipid bilayer in 2 main ways:
1. Some proteins occur in the surface of the phospholipid bilayer and never extend completely across it.
They act either to give mechanical support to the membrane or, in conjunction with glycolipids, as cell receptors for molecules such as hormones.
2. Other proteins completely span the phospholipid bilayer from one side to the other.
Some proteins are protein channels.
Protein channels form water-filled tubes to allow water-soluble ions to diffuse across the membrane.
Other proteins are carrier proteins that bind to ions or molecules like glucose and amino acids and then change shape in order to move these molecules across the membrane.
The functions of the proteins in the membrane are to:
1. Provide structural support.
2. Act as channels, transporting water-soluble substances across the membrane.
3. Allow active transport across the membrane through carrier proteins.
4. Form cell-surface receptors for identifying cells.
5. Help cells adhere together.
6. Act as receptors, for example for what?
The functions of the proteins in the membrane are to act as receptors, for example for hormones
The molecules that form the structure of cell-surface membranes are phospholipids, proteins, cholesterol, glycolipids and glycoproteins.
Cholesterol molecules occur where?
Cholesterol molecules occur within the phospholipid bilayer of the cell-surface membrane
The molecules that form the structure of cell-surface membranes are phospholipids, proteins, cholesterol, glycolipids and glycoproteins.
Cholesterol molecules occur within the phospholipid bilayer of the cell-surface membrane.
They do what?
The cholesterol molecules add strength to the membranes