4.5: Co-transport and absorption of glucose in the ileum Flashcards
The epithelial cells lining the ileum possess what?
The epithelial cells lining the ileum possess microvilli
The epithelial cells lining the ileum possess microvilli.
What are microvilli?
Microvilli are finger-like projections of the cell-surface membrane about 0.6 μm in length
The epithelial cells lining the ileum possess microvilli.
Microvilli are finger-like projections of the cell-surface membrane about 0.6 μm in length.
The microvilli provide more surface area for what?
The microvilli provide more surface area for the insertion of carrier proteins
The epithelial cells lining the ileum possess microvilli.
Microvilli are finger-like projections of the cell-surface membrane about 0.6 μm in length.
The microvilli provide more surface area for the insertion of carrier proteins through which what can take place?
The microvilli provide more surface area for the insertion of carrier proteins through which: 1. Diffusion 2. Facilitated diffusion 3. Active transport can take place
The epithelial cells lining the ileum possess microvilli.
Microvilli are finger-like projections of the cell-surface membrane about 0.6 μm in length.
The microvilli provide more surface area for the insertion of carrier proteins through which diffusion, facilitated diffusion and active transport can take place.
Another mechanism to increase transport across membranes is to increase the number of what in any given area of membrane?
Another mechanism to increase transport across membranes is to increase the number of:
1. Protein channels
2. Carrier proteins
in any given area of membrane
The epithelial cells lining the ileum possess microvilli.
Microvilli are finger-like projections of the cell-surface membrane about 0.6 μm in length.
The microvilli provide more surface area for the insertion of carrier proteins through which diffusion, facilitated diffusion and active transport can take place.
Another mechanism to increase transport across membranes is to increase the number of protein channels and carrier proteins in any given area of membrane (increase their what)?
Another mechanism to increase transport across membranes is to increase the number of:
1. Protein channels
2. Carrier proteins
in any given area of membrane (increase their density)
As carbohydrates and proteins are being digested continuously, there is normally a greater concentration of glucose and amino acids within what than in the blood?
As carbohydrates and proteins are being digested continuously, there is normally a greater concentration of:
1. Glucose
2. Amino acids
within the ileum than in the blood
As carbohydrates and proteins are being digested continuously, there is normally a greater concentration of glucose and amino acids within the ileum than in the blood.
Given that blood is constantly being circulated by the heart, the glucose absorbed into it is continuously being what?
Given that blood is constantly being circulated by the heart, the glucose absorbed into it is continuously being removed by the cells as they use it up during respiration
As carbohydrates and proteins are being digested continuously, there is normally a greater concentration of glucose and amino acids within the ileum than in the blood.
Given that blood is constantly being circulated by the heart, the glucose absorbed into it is continuously being removed by the cells as they use it up during respiration.
This helps to maintain what?
This helps to maintain the concentration gradient between the:
- Inside of the ileum
- Blood
Villi
Villi are 1 mm projections of the wall of the ileum
Villi are 1 mm projections of the wall of the ileum, while microvilli are 0.6 μm projections of the cell-surface membrane of what?
Villi are 1 mm projections of the wall of the ileum, while microvilli are 0.6 μm projections of the cell-surface membrane of the epithelial cells that line this wall
Villi are 1 mm projections of the wall of the ileum, while microvilli are 0.6 μm projections of the cell-surface membrane of the epithelial cells that line this wall.
Microvilli are therefore more than how many times smaller than villi?
Microvilli are therefore more than 1,000 times smaller than villi
Adaptations of the small intestine for absorption are that:
1. It is what?
Adaptations of the small intestine for absorption are that it is long
Adaptations of the small intestine for absorption are that:
1. It is long.
It has a large what for efficient absorption?
The small intestine has a large surface area for efficient absorption
Adaptations of the small intestine for absorption are that:
1. It is long.
The small intestine has a large surface area for efficient absorption.
2. It is what?
Adaptations of the small intestine for absorption are that it is folded
Adaptations of the small intestine for absorption are that:
1. It is long.
The small intestine has a large surface area for efficient absorption.
2. It is folded, which further does what?
Adaptations of the small intestine for absorption are that it is folded, which further increases its surface area
Adaptations of the small intestine for absorption are that:
1. It is long.
The small intestine has a large surface area for efficient absorption.
2. It is folded, which further increases its surface area.
3. It has what, which are finger-like projections?
Adaptations of the small intestine for absorption are that it has villi, which are finger-like projections
Adaptations of the small intestine for absorption are that:
1. It is long.
The small intestine has a large surface area for efficient absorption.
2. It is folded, which further increases its surface area.
3. It has villi, which are finger-like projections that do what?
Adaptations of the small intestine for absorption are that it has villi, which are finger-like projections that increase the surface area
Adaptations of the small intestine for absorption are that:
1. It is long.
The small intestine has a large surface area for efficient absorption.
2. It is folded, which further increases its surface area.
3. It has villi, which are finger-like projections that increase the surface area.
4. It has a thin what?
Adaptations of the small intestine for absorption are that it has a thin epithelium
Adaptations of the small intestine for absorption are that:
1. It is long.
The small intestine has a large surface area for efficient absorption.
2. It is folded, which further increases its surface area.
3. It has villi, which are finger-like projections that increase the surface area.
4. It has a thin epithelium (what), which is how thick?
Adaptations of the small intestine for absorption are that it has a thin epithelium (inner layer), which is one cell thick
Adaptations of the small intestine for absorption are that:
1. It is long.
The small intestine has a large surface area for efficient absorption.
2. It is folded, which further increases its surface area.
3. It has villi, which are finger-like projections that increase the surface area.
4. It has a thin epithelium (inner layer), which is one cell thick.
What does this do?
This creates a short diffusion pathway
Adaptations of the small intestine for absorption are that:
1. It is long.
The small intestine has a large surface area for efficient absorption.
2. It is folded, which further increases its surface area.
3. It has villi, which are finger-like projections that increase the surface area.
4. It has a thin epithelium (inner layer), which is one cell thick.
This creates a short diffusion pathway.
5. Epithelial cells have what?
Adaptations of the small intestine for absorption are that epithelial cells have microvilli
Adaptations of the small intestine for absorption are that:
1. It is long.
The small intestine has a large surface area for efficient absorption.
2. It is folded, which further increases its surface area.
3. It has villi, which are finger-like projections that increase the surface area.
4. It has a thin epithelium (inner layer), which is one cell thick.
This creates a short diffusion pathway.
5. Epithelial cells have microvilli.
6. The villi have a good what?
Adaptations of the small intestine for absorption are that the villi have a good blood supply
Co-transport
Co-transport is a special type of active transport