HIV Flashcards
How long after infection does HIV seroconversion occur?
3-12 weeks
What is seroconversion?
When the body produces an immune response and antibodies to an infection
What are the symptoms of HIV seroconversion?
Sore throat
Lymphadenopathy
Malaise, myalgia, arthralgia
Diarrhoea
Maculopapular rash
Mouth ulcers
Rarely meningoencephalitis
What does a 3rd generation HIV test look for?
HIV antibody
What does a 4th generation HIV test look for?
HIV antibody and antigen
What generation is point of care testing?
3rd or 4th
How long after exposure does it take for a high sensitivity with a 4th generation test?
45 days
What is the window period for a point of care test?
90 days
How long after exposure does it take for a high sensitivity with a 4th generation test?
60 days
What constitutes highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) (gold standard HIV treatment)?
A combination of 3 drugs from at least 2 drug classes to which the virus is susceptible
What drug class combinations are usually used to treat HIV?
Two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI) and either a protease inhibitor (PI) or a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)
What effect does HAART have on drug resistance?
Lowers risk
What is the commonest opportunistic infection in AIDS?
Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia
At what CD4 count should patients receive prophylaxis for PJP?
<200
What is a common complication of PJP?
Pneumothorax
