History of Medicine

Question 1

He revealed that Egyptians recognized a relationship between blood vessels and the heart

Answer 1

1700 BC Edwin Smith Papyrus

Question 2

What was the embalming process done in Egypt?

Answer 2

Removal of the perishable parts of the body such as the brain, lungs, and intestines to preserve the rest of the body

Question 3

What subjects did the Egyptians evolve an extensive medical vocabulary and write the first medical texts on?

Answer 3

Effects of injury, diseases, experiments in surgery and pharmacy

Question 4

Who learned to use splints and bandages with skill?

Answer 4

Egyptians

Question 5

Early Greek medicine focuses largely on __________

Answer 5

Spiritual beliefs

Question 6

Who is the Greek god of healing?

Answer 6

Asclepius (his symbol was the snake which later evolved into today’s symbol of health, the caduceus)

Question 7

How did the Greeks “heal” the psyche?

Answer 7

Worshippers would listen to music and have their dreams interpreted while staying in the temple of Asclepius

Question 8

What did Greek healers use local vegetation for?

Answer 8

To make ointments and other herbal remedies

Question 9

What did Hippocrates develop?

Answer 9

Cauterization to prevent hemorrhaging

Question 10

Doctors of the Middle Ages believed disease, illness, and death was caused by ___________ _________ ________

Answer 10

Demons, God, and magic

Question 11

What were physicians required by law to do by the end of the 1500s?

Answer 11

Calculate the position of the moon before carrying out complicated medical procedures

Question 12

A process of draining the blood to relieve the body of disease

Answer 12

Bloodletting

Question 13

How did doctors commonly assess a person to treat their ailments?

Answer 13

They looked at their bodily fluids because Greeks thought the body’s blood, phlegm, and bile had an influence on the disease

Question 14

Doctor’s examination of urine to determine color, odor, density, and content is called what?

Answer 14

Uroscopy

Question 15

How many layers was it thought that uroscopies had?

Answer 15

4; cloudiness at the top indicated a disease of the head, and bottom layer indicated bladder disorder

Question 16

This was performed to release the body of “spirits” of people suffering from fractures, epilepsy, migraines, and depression

Answer 16

Trephination; no drugs were needed because the scalp is insensitive to pain, surgery lasted anywhere from 30 minutes to several hours, and half the people lived

Question 17

Who is the father of medicine?

Hint: 460-377 BC

Answer 17

Hippocrates; he did cranial surgery and cataract operations to faint sounds of the chest when pleurisy was present

Question 18

He was a Greek from Asia Minor and his work lasted about 1400 years. He was very egotistical tho and thought evil spirits lived in the blood stream. His reign came to an end with the Renaissance

Answer 18

Galen

Question 19

Who wrote over 125 volumes on the movement of muscle and nerves and documented the importance of the spinal cord (83 volumes still exist)

Answer 19

Galen 129-210 AD

Question 20

16th century Swiss healer who was known as the father of anesthesia

Answer 20

Theophrastus Bombastus van Hohenheim (1493-1541)

Question 21

He taught at the university of Basel and started his first lecture by burning all of Galen’s books. Also did something with lung ailments of miners

Answer 21

Theophrastus Bombastus van Hohenheim aka Paracelsius (he claimed he was superior to Celsius)

Question 22

From Belgium, concluded that Galen’s work was imperfect by dissecting a dead body, studied in Paris, and was a professor at the university of Padua by age 23

Answer 22

Andreas Vesalius 1514-1564

Question 23

Wrote the greatest medical book ever written

Answer 23

Andreas Vesalius (it was called the fabric of the human body)

Question 24

Father and son team of Dutch Spectacle makers that devised a microscope in 1590 (it eventually led to Galileo’s telescope and seeing craters on the moon)

Answer 24

Hans and Zacharias Janssen

Question 25

He identified certain bacteria by studying red and white blood cells through a microscope

Answer 25

Van Leeuwenhoek of Holland

Question 26

Received no higher education and was made fun of

Made over 500 microscopes

Answer 26

Van Leeuwenhoek

Question 27

Vaccination of small pox
Inoculated people with cow pox
Vacca=cow in Latin
Heard milk maids did not contract smallpox

Answer 27

Edward Jenner

Question 28

Developed technique of pasteurization of milk
More famous for his germ theory of disease which led to safe brewing of beer
Made vaccines for anthrax and rabies

Answer 28

Louis Pasteur

Question 29

Known for introducing antisepsis to prevent infection transfer and eliminate puerperal fever
Got a masters in midwifery
Made the doctors and medical students wash their hands in chlorinated lime although no one supported it
1865 he died in an insane asylum

Answer 29

Ignaz Phillipp Semmelweis

Question 30

Discovered that cholera was spread by seepage of sewage into a well
Vegetarian
Lectured on forensic medicine
Took handle off well

Answer 30

John Snow

Question 31

Discovered penicillin by accident (the first antibiotic)

Answer 31

Alexander Flemming

Question 32

Drug cocktails for the treatment of AIDS
classmates laughed at him because he couldn’t speak English
Time magazine man of the year in 1996
Did not treat AIDS but helped people live nearly normal lives

Answer 32

David Ho

Question 33

Who discovered the difference better measles and smallpox

Answer 33

Rhazes

Question 34

Who performed surgery to treat cataracts and amputated limbs

Answer 34

Barbers

Question 35

She practiced medicine without consent and was later forbidden too because she was a woman

Answer 35

Jacoba Felicle

Question 36

Scientific method came into use this year along with the printing press

Answer 36

1600

Question 37

He discovered pathogens are the cause of disease

Answer 37

Robert Koch 1800-1900 (I’m also too lazy to make a card for this so this is the year the stethoscope was invented)