Cardiovascular Flashcards
1
Q
ADL
A
Activities of daily living
2
Q
am
A
Morning
3
Q
BLS
A
Basic life support
4
Q
Bpm
A
Beats per minute
5
Q
B/P, BP
A
Blood pressure
6
Q
CCU
A
Cardiac care unit
7
Q
CHD
A
Coronary heart disease
8
Q
CHF
A
Congestive heart failure
9
Q
CXR
A
Chest x-ray film
10
Q
DOB
A
Date of birth
11
Q
Dx
A
Diagnosis
12
Q
ECG/EKG
A
Electrocardiogram
13
Q
Etiol
A
Etiology
14
Q
inj
A
Injection
15
Q
Meds
A
Medication
16
Q
MI
A
Myocardial infarction (heart attack)
17
Q
NKA
A
No known allergies
18
Q
NPO
A
Nothing by mouth
19
Q
OR
A
Operating room
20
Q
Preop
A
Before surgery
21
Q
Postop
A
After surgery
22
Q
RR
A
Respiratory rate
23
Q
Stat
A
Immediately
24
Q
TIA
A
Transient ischemic attack
25
TV
Tricuspid valve, tidal volume
26
Unc
Unconscious
27
vit
Vitamin
28
W/c
Wheelchair
29
Erythro
Red
30
Leuk
White
31
Tachy
Fast
32
Cyte
Cell
33
-ary, -ic, -ac
Pertaining to
34
Hem/o, hemat/o
Blood
35
-itis
Inflammation
36
Malacia
Abnormal softening
37
Sclerosis
Abnormal hardening
38
Diastole/o
Standing apart
39
-verse, -version
To turn
40
Hepat/o
Liver
41
Arter/o
Artery
42
Ather/o
Plague, fatty substance
43
Atri/o
Atrium
44
Cardi/o, card/o
Heart
45
Valv
Valve
46
Phleb/o
Vein
47
Lysis
Breakdown, separation
48
-osis
Abnormal condition
49
-stenosis
Abnormal narrowing
50
Systol/o
Contraction
51
-ion
State or condition
52
Circulat/o
Circulate, go around in a circle
53
Blood vessel that bulges because of weakened in the wall
Aneurysm
54
Narrowing of blood vessels caused by deposits of fatty material containing calcium and cholesterol
Atherosclerosis
55
Narrowing of an artery
Arteriostenosis
56
The force of the blood against the walls of the arteries
Blood pressure
57
Restoration of the normal heart rhythm by electric shock
Cardioversion
58
Shorten, reduce in size
Contract
59
Pertaining to the heart
Coronary
60
Dilation of the heart, resting phase or filling of the ventricles
Diastolic
61
Path of blood from the intestines, gallbladder, pancreas, stomach and spleen through the liver
Hepatic circulation
62
An area of tissue death (necrosis) caused by loss of oxygen as a result of obstruction
Infarction
63
Heart to lung carries de-oxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs and returns oxygenated blood to the left atrium of the heart
Pulmonary circulation
64
Expression of speed or frequency of an event in relation to a specified amount of time, number of contraction of the heart per minute
Rate
65
Instrument used to listen to body sounds such as the heart beat
Stethoscope
66
General circulation to systems. Oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to tissues of the body, returns deoxygenated blood to right atrium
Systemic circulation
67
Contraction of the ventricles
Systolic
68
Tubule in the body that carries fluid
Vessel
69
Arteries carry blood
Away from the heart
70
Largest artery
Aorta
71
Heart muscle contractions pump blood
Through arteries
72
Veins carry blood
Toward the heart
73
Largest vein
Superior/inferior vena cava
74
Control blood flow
Valves
75
Valve between left atrium and left ventricle
Bicuspid
76
Valve between the right atrium and right ventricle
Tricuspid
77
Pulmonary and aortic valves
Stop the back flow of blood into the heart
78
The flow of blood between the heart and lungs
Pulmonary
79
The flow of blood between the heart and cells
Systemic
80
Circulation of blood within the heart
Coronary
81
How many times does the heart beat per minute
72
82
How many times does the heart beat a day
100,000
83
How many times does the heart beat in a lifetime
3 trillion
84
How many liters of blood does the heart circulate
5-7 liters
85
What are the functions of the heart
Transports nutrients and oxygen
Transports waste to kidneys
Distribute hormones and antibodies
Helps control body temp and homeostasis
86
The heart is the size of
Your fist
87
Where does the heart lie
The thoracic cavity between the lungs
88
Smooth membranous lining inside the heart
Endocardium
89
Thickest layer, muscle tissue, contractile
Myocardium
90
Outer most layer in the pericardium
Epicardium
91
A protective sac that covers the outside of the heart
Pericardium
92
The heart is divided into
Right and left sides
93
How many chambers are on each side of the heart?
2
94
Top, where blood enters
Atrium
95
Bottom, where blood leaves
Ventricles
96
Left and right sides of the heart separated by a partition called
Septum
97
Electrical impulses produce a wave that can be recorded on the
EKG
98
What are the 5 parts of the cardiac conduction system?
```
Sinoatrial (SA) node
AV node
Bundle of His
Bundle Branches
Purkinje Network
```
99
Where is the SA Node
Located in the upper right part of the atrium
100
Which part of the conduction system fires at a rate of 60 to 100
SA node
101
Which part of the conduction system is a natural pacemaker?
The SA node
102
Where does the heartbeat start?
In the SA node
103
Which part of the conduction system is located on the floor of the right atrium?
AV node
104
Which part of the conduction system delays or slows the electrical impulse?
The AV node
105
Fires at a rate of 40 to 60 per minute
AV node
106
Which part of the conduction system transfers the electrical impulse from the atria to the ventricles
Bundle of His
107
Where is the bundle of His located?
Next to the AV node
108
Where are the bundle branches located?
Along the left and right sides of the interventrticular septum
109
Which part of the conduction system acts as a pathway or fork in the road?
Bundle branches
110
Which part of the conduction system has impulses that perform the important work of making the heart muscle contract
Bundle branches
111
Which part of the conduction system provides an electrical pathway for each of the cardiac cells
Purkinje Network
112
Which part of the conduction system activates to the left and right ventricles simultaneously causing the ventricles to contract
Purkinje Network
113
Lynn sound heard _____
First
114
What makes the lubb sound?
Mitral and tricuspid valves closing between the atria and the ventricles
115
What makes the dupp sound? (Heard second)
Closing of the aortic and pulmonary valves as blood is pumped out of the heart
116
Which heart sound is shorter and higher pitched
The DUPP sound
117
Abnormal or extra sounds
Murmurs
118
Ventricle relaxation
Diastolic
119
What is a normal blood pressure?
120/80 (systolic/diastolic)
120
Healthy systolic is less than _____ and greater than _____
140
| 90
121
Healthy systolic is less than _____
100
122
Refers to conditions that involve the heart, its vessels, muscles, valves, or internal electric pathways responsible for muscle contraction.
Heart disease
123
What are examples of heart disease?
```
Coronary artery disease
Heart failure
Cardiomyopathy
Heart valve disease
Arrhythmias
```
124
When a coronary artery resulting in loss of the blood supply to heart tissue a __________ occurs.
Heart attack
125
More than _______ individuals die from heart attacks each year in the US
610,000
126
Heart attack symptoms
```
Chest pain
Dizziness
Rapid or irregular heartbeats
SOB
Weakness, anxiety, ingestion, heartburn
```
127
Heart attack symptoms in women
Arrhythmias, cough, heartburn, loss of appetite, and malaise
128
Occurs when plague narrows or partially obstructs coronary arteries and can result in reduced blood flow.
Coronary artery disease
129
Coronary artery disease symptoms
Chest pain (angina)
130
Occurs when the heart's electrical signals become erratic and the heart stops pumping blood. Death can occur within a few minutes. Rapid CPR and AED use may restore effective pumping of blood
Sudden cardiac death
131
Arrhythmia
Erratic heart beat
132
Overtime the hearts pumping action cannot meet the bodies demand for blood; it does not mean that the heart fails to pump
Cardiomyopathy
133
A defect in the development of the heart as an organ that is usually first noticed at birth although some are not found until adulthood
Congenital heart defect
134
Measures the ability of a person's heart to respond to the bodies demand for more blood during stress. Measurement of the hearts electrical activity is recorded as exercise is gradually increased on the treadmill
Stress test
135
It is worn for one or two days and provides a continual EKG like recording of the hearts electrical activity
Holter monitor
136
Used to provide the doctor with a view of both the heart and the lungs to determine if abnormalities are present
Chest X Ray
137
A real time moving picture of a heart made by using soundwaves (ultrasound)
Echocardiogram
138
Detailed 3-D images of the heart. Used to look for calcium buildup in coronary artery's or provide images of such internal structures of the heart
Cardiac CT
139
A thin tube is placed in a blood vessel in the leg or arm and threaded into the heart. Dye is used to show blockage of the artery
Catheterization
140
May reduce the signs and symptoms and slow the damage of heart disease
Medicine
141
Measures heart rhythm, damage to the heart, or heart attack
EKG
142
A thin tube is placed in a coronary artery and is threaded through an obstruction like a clot
Angioplasty
143
Occurs when a surgeon removes a blood vessel from one part of the body and uses it to connect one open part of a coronary artery to another open part bypassing the area that has blocked blood flow
Bypass surgery
144
Smoking increases a persons risk for heart disease
2 to 4 times
145
High blood pressure
Hypertension
146
When a blood clot blocks the flow of blood in a vessel
Stroke
147
Hypertension etiology
Overeating
Smoking
Stress
No exercise
148
Stroke etiology
Arteriosclerosis
149
Hypertension symptoms
None
150
Stroke symptoms
Transient ischemic attack or brain damage
151
Hypertension Treatment
Medication
