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Sports Med > Cardiovascular > Flashcards

Cardiovascular Flashcards

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1
Q

ADL

A

Activities of daily living

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2
Q

am

A

Morning

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3
Q

BLS

A

Basic life support

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4
Q

Bpm

A

Beats per minute

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5
Q

B/P, BP

A

Blood pressure

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6
Q

CCU

A

Cardiac care unit

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7
Q

CHD

A

Coronary heart disease

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8
Q

CHF

A

Congestive heart failure

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9
Q

CXR

A

Chest x-ray film

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10
Q

DOB

A

Date of birth

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11
Q

Dx

A

Diagnosis

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12
Q

ECG/EKG

A

Electrocardiogram

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13
Q

Etiol

A

Etiology

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14
Q

inj

A

Injection

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15
Q

Meds

A

Medication

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16
Q

MI

A

Myocardial infarction (heart attack)

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17
Q

NKA

A

No known allergies

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18
Q

NPO

A

Nothing by mouth

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19
Q

OR

A

Operating room

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20
Q

Preop

A

Before surgery

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21
Q

Postop

A

After surgery

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22
Q

RR

A

Respiratory rate

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23
Q

Stat

A

Immediately

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24
Q

TIA

A

Transient ischemic attack

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25
Q

TV

A

Tricuspid valve, tidal volume

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26
Q

Unc

A

Unconscious

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27
Q

vit

A

Vitamin

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28
Q

W/c

A

Wheelchair

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29
Q

Erythro

A

Red

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30
Q

Leuk

A

White

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31
Q

Tachy

A

Fast

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32
Q

Cyte

A

Cell

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33
Q

-ary, -ic, -ac

A

Pertaining to

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34
Q

Hem/o, hemat/o

A

Blood

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35
Q

-itis

A

Inflammation

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36
Q

Malacia

A

Abnormal softening

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37
Q

Sclerosis

A

Abnormal hardening

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38
Q

Diastole/o

A

Standing apart

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39
Q

-verse, -version

A

To turn

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40
Q

Hepat/o

A

Liver

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41
Q

Arter/o

A

Artery

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42
Q

Ather/o

A

Plague, fatty substance

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43
Q

Atri/o

A

Atrium

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44
Q

Cardi/o, card/o

A

Heart

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45
Q

Valv

A

Valve

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46
Q

Phleb/o

A

Vein

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47
Q

Lysis

A

Breakdown, separation

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48
Q

-osis

A

Abnormal condition

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49
Q

-stenosis

A

Abnormal narrowing

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50
Q

Systol/o

A

Contraction

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51
Q

-ion

A

State or condition

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52
Q

Circulat/o

A

Circulate, go around in a circle

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53
Q

Blood vessel that bulges because of weakened in the wall

A

Aneurysm

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54
Q

Narrowing of blood vessels caused by deposits of fatty material containing calcium and cholesterol

A

Atherosclerosis

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55
Q

Narrowing of an artery

A

Arteriostenosis

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56
Q

The force of the blood against the walls of the arteries

A

Blood pressure

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57
Q

Restoration of the normal heart rhythm by electric shock

A

Cardioversion

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58
Q

Shorten, reduce in size

A

Contract

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59
Q

Pertaining to the heart

A

Coronary

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60
Q

Dilation of the heart, resting phase or filling of the ventricles

A

Diastolic

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61
Q

Path of blood from the intestines, gallbladder, pancreas, stomach and spleen through the liver

A

Hepatic circulation

62
Q

An area of tissue death (necrosis) caused by loss of oxygen as a result of obstruction

A

Infarction

63
Q

Heart to lung carries de-oxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs and returns oxygenated blood to the left atrium of the heart

A

Pulmonary circulation

64
Q

Expression of speed or frequency of an event in relation to a specified amount of time, number of contraction of the heart per minute

A

Rate

65
Q

Instrument used to listen to body sounds such as the heart beat

A

Stethoscope

66
Q

General circulation to systems. Oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to tissues of the body, returns deoxygenated blood to right atrium

A

Systemic circulation

67
Q

Contraction of the ventricles

A

Systolic

68
Q

Tubule in the body that carries fluid

A

Vessel

69
Q

Arteries carry blood

A

Away from the heart

70
Q

Largest artery

A

Aorta

71
Q

Heart muscle contractions pump blood

A

Through arteries

72
Q

Veins carry blood

A

Toward the heart

73
Q

Largest vein

A

Superior/inferior vena cava

74
Q

Control blood flow

A

Valves

75
Q

Valve between left atrium and left ventricle

A

Bicuspid

76
Q

Valve between the right atrium and right ventricle

A

Tricuspid

77
Q

Pulmonary and aortic valves

A

Stop the back flow of blood into the heart

78
Q

The flow of blood between the heart and lungs

A

Pulmonary

79
Q

The flow of blood between the heart and cells

A

Systemic

80
Q

Circulation of blood within the heart

A

Coronary

81
Q

How many times does the heart beat per minute

A

72

82
Q

How many times does the heart beat a day

A

100,000

83
Q

How many times does the heart beat in a lifetime

A

3 trillion

84
Q

How many liters of blood does the heart circulate

A

5-7 liters

85
Q

What are the functions of the heart

A

Transports nutrients and oxygen
Transports waste to kidneys
Distribute hormones and antibodies
Helps control body temp and homeostasis

86
Q

The heart is the size of

A

Your fist

87
Q

Where does the heart lie

A

The thoracic cavity between the lungs

88
Q

Smooth membranous lining inside the heart

A

Endocardium

89
Q

Thickest layer, muscle tissue, contractile

A

Myocardium

90
Q

Outer most layer in the pericardium

A

Epicardium

91
Q

A protective sac that covers the outside of the heart

A

Pericardium

92
Q

The heart is divided into

A

Right and left sides

93
Q

How many chambers are on each side of the heart?

A

2

94
Q

Top, where blood enters

A

Atrium

95
Q

Bottom, where blood leaves

A

Ventricles

96
Q

Left and right sides of the heart separated by a partition called

A

Septum

97
Q

Electrical impulses produce a wave that can be recorded on the

A

EKG

98
Q

What are the 5 parts of the cardiac conduction system?

A 
Sinoatrial (SA) node
AV node
Bundle of His
Bundle Branches 
Purkinje Network
99
Q

Where is the SA Node

A

Located in the upper right part of the atrium

100
Q

Which part of the conduction system fires at a rate of 60 to 100

A

SA node

101
Q

Which part of the conduction system is a natural pacemaker?

A

The SA node

102
Q

Where does the heartbeat start?

A

In the SA node

103
Q

Which part of the conduction system is located on the floor of the right atrium?

A

AV node

104
Q

Which part of the conduction system delays or slows the electrical impulse?

A

The AV node

105
Q

Fires at a rate of 40 to 60 per minute

A

AV node

106
Q

Which part of the conduction system transfers the electrical impulse from the atria to the ventricles

A

Bundle of His

107
Q

Where is the bundle of His located?

A

Next to the AV node

108
Q

Where are the bundle branches located?

A

Along the left and right sides of the interventrticular septum

109
Q

Which part of the conduction system acts as a pathway or fork in the road?

A

Bundle branches

110
Q

Which part of the conduction system has impulses that perform the important work of making the heart muscle contract

A

Bundle branches

111
Q

Which part of the conduction system provides an electrical pathway for each of the cardiac cells

A

Purkinje Network

112
Q

Which part of the conduction system activates to the left and right ventricles simultaneously causing the ventricles to contract

A

Purkinje Network

113
Q

Lynn sound heard _____

A

First

114
Q

What makes the lubb sound?

A

Mitral and tricuspid valves closing between the atria and the ventricles

115
Q

What makes the dupp sound? (Heard second)

A

Closing of the aortic and pulmonary valves as blood is pumped out of the heart

116
Q

Which heart sound is shorter and higher pitched

A

The DUPP sound

117
Q

Abnormal or extra sounds

A

Murmurs

118
Q

Ventricle relaxation

A

Diastolic

119
Q

What is a normal blood pressure?

A

120/80 (systolic/diastolic)

120
Q

Healthy systolic is less than _____ and greater than _____

A

140

90

121
Q

Healthy systolic is less than _____

A

100

122
Q

Refers to conditions that involve the heart, its vessels, muscles, valves, or internal electric pathways responsible for muscle contraction.

A

Heart disease

123
Q

What are examples of heart disease?

A 
Coronary artery disease 
Heart failure
Cardiomyopathy
Heart valve disease 
Arrhythmias
124
Q

When a coronary artery resulting in loss of the blood supply to heart tissue a __________ occurs.

A

Heart attack

125
Q

More than _______ individuals die from heart attacks each year in the US

A

610,000

126
Q

Heart attack symptoms

A 
Chest pain
Dizziness
Rapid or irregular heartbeats 
SOB
Weakness, anxiety, ingestion, heartburn
127
Q

Heart attack symptoms in women

A

Arrhythmias, cough, heartburn, loss of appetite, and malaise

128
Q

Occurs when plague narrows or partially obstructs coronary arteries and can result in reduced blood flow.

A

Coronary artery disease

129
Q

Coronary artery disease symptoms

A

Chest pain (angina)

130
Q

Occurs when the heart’s electrical signals become erratic and the heart stops pumping blood. Death can occur within a few minutes. Rapid CPR and AED use may restore effective pumping of blood

A

Sudden cardiac death

131
Q

Arrhythmia

A

Erratic heart beat

132
Q

Overtime the hearts pumping action cannot meet the bodies demand for blood; it does not mean that the heart fails to pump

A

Cardiomyopathy

133
Q

A defect in the development of the heart as an organ that is usually first noticed at birth although some are not found until adulthood

A

Congenital heart defect

134
Q

Measures the ability of a person’s heart to respond to the bodies demand for more blood during stress. Measurement of the hearts electrical activity is recorded as exercise is gradually increased on the treadmill

A

Stress test

135
Q

It is worn for one or two days and provides a continual EKG like recording of the hearts electrical activity

A

Holter monitor

136
Q

Used to provide the doctor with a view of both the heart and the lungs to determine if abnormalities are present

A

Chest X Ray

137
Q

A real time moving picture of a heart made by using soundwaves (ultrasound)

A

Echocardiogram

138
Q

Detailed 3-D images of the heart. Used to look for calcium buildup in coronary artery’s or provide images of such internal structures of the heart

A

Cardiac CT

139
Q

A thin tube is placed in a blood vessel in the leg or arm and threaded into the heart. Dye is used to show blockage of the artery

A

Catheterization

140
Q

May reduce the signs and symptoms and slow the damage of heart disease

A

Medicine

141
Q

Measures heart rhythm, damage to the heart, or heart attack

A

EKG

142
Q

A thin tube is placed in a coronary artery and is threaded through an obstruction like a clot

A

Angioplasty

143
Q

Occurs when a surgeon removes a blood vessel from one part of the body and uses it to connect one open part of a coronary artery to another open part bypassing the area that has blocked blood flow

A

Bypass surgery

144
Q

Smoking increases a persons risk for heart disease

A

2 to 4 times

145
Q

High blood pressure

A

Hypertension

146
Q

When a blood clot blocks the flow of blood in a vessel

A

Stroke

147
Q

Hypertension etiology

A

Overeating
Smoking
Stress
No exercise

148
Q

Stroke etiology

A

Arteriosclerosis

149
Q

Hypertension symptoms

A

None

150
Q

Stroke symptoms

A

Transient ischemic attack or brain damage

151
Q

Hypertension Treatment

A

Medication

Sports Med (20 decks)

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