Body Organization Flashcards
1
Q
Divides body into anterior and posterior positions
A
Frontal plane
2
Q
Divides body into right and left sides
A
Sagittal plane
3
Q
Divides body into superior and inferior
A
Transverse plane
4
Q
Away from the point of attachment to the trunk
A
Distal
5
Q
Near the point of attachment to the trunk
A
Proximal
6
Q
Closer to midline
A
Medial
7
Q
Farther from midline
A
Lateral
8
Q
Below
A
Inferior
9
Q
Above
A
Superior
10
Q
In front of
A
Anterior
11
Q
Behind
A
Posterior
12
Q
Decreasing angle at a joint
A
Flexion
13
Q
Increasing angle at a joint
A
Extension
14
Q
Movement away from midline
A
Abduction
15
Q
Movement towards midline
A
Adduction
16
Q
Turning palms down
A
Pronation
17
Q
Turning palms up
A
Supination
18
Q
Raising shoulders (scapula)
A
Elevation
19
Q
Lowering shoulders (scapula)
A
Depression
20
Q
Action of bringing scapula away from midline
A
Protraction
21
Q
Action of bringing scapula towards midline
A
Retraction
22
Q
Action of increasing angle at ankle (on toes)
A
Plantarflexion
23
Q
Action of decreasing angle at ankle (on heels)
A
Dorsiflexion
24
Q
Bringing heels in toward midline
A
Inversion
25
Bringing heels away from midline
Eversion
26
Movement in the transverse plane toward midline
Horizontal adduction
27
Movement in transverse plane away from midline
Horizontal abduction
28
Rotating limb towards the body
Internal rotation
29
Rotating limb away from body
External rotation
30
Moving in circular pattern
Circumduction
31
Ant
Anterior
32
Bil
Bilateral
33
BIN, bin
Twice a night
34
DOA
Dead on arrival
35
FROM
Full range of motion
36
lat
Lateral
37
LLQ
Left lower quadrant
38
LUQ
Left upper quadrant
39
N/C
No complaints
40
Prn
As needed
41
RLQ
Right lower quadrant
42
ROM
Range of motion
43
RUQ
Right upper quadrant
44
Combine to form tissue
Cell
45
Consists of cells that function together to form organs
Tissue
46
Work together to form systems
Organs
47
Work together to create human body
System
48
Outer covering of cell
Cell membrane
49
Directs cell activities, chromosomes
Nucleus
50
Surrounds nucleus
Cytoplasm
51
Transmits nerve impulses
Nerve cell
52
Attach at end of structures they move
Muscle cell
53
Form a protective layer over cell
Epithelial cells
54
Process that supplies body with oxygen
Respiration
55
Body is standing erect, facing forward, arms at sides, facing forward
Anatomical position
56
Locate a portion of the body, describe position
Directional terms
57
Cranial
Brain
58
Thoracic
Heart, lungs, major blood vessels
59
Abdominal
Digestive and urinary organs
60
Reproductive system
Pelvic
61
Why are regions used?
Because the abdominal cavity is so large
62
What's in the right upper quadrant?
Part of the liver, the gallbladder, part of the pancreas, and part of the intestinal tract
63
What's in the left upper quadrant?
The stomach, spleen, parts of the liver, and part of the pancreas and intestines
64
What's in the right lower quadrant?
The appendix, part of the intestines and the urinary tract, and part of the female reproductive organs
65
What's in the left lower quadrant?
Parts of the intestines, female reproductive organs, and part of the urinary tract
66
Digestive system
All organs of digestion and elimination that serve to breakdown food and water in the body
67
Circulatory/cardiovascular system
Heart and blood vessels that serve to carry oxygen and nutrients to the tissues and remove waste from the tissue
68
Lymphatic system
Lymph, glands, and lymphatic vessels serve to protect the body from disease and infection
69
Respiratory system
Lungs and airway supply the body with oxygen
70
Integumentary system
Skin, hair, nails, and oil/sweat glands serve to cover and protect the body
71
Nervous system
Brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves serve to regulate body activities and send/revive messages from sensory organs
72
Endocrine system
Glands secret hormones for regulation of body activities
73
Muscular system
Muscle and cartilage provide body movement
74
Skeletal system
Bones support and protect body; frame work
75
Male Reproductive system
Testes, penis, prostate gland, vas deferens, seminal vesticles control reproduction and hereditary
76
Female Reproductive system
Ovaries, vagina, uterus, Fallopian tubes, mammory glands control reproduction and hereditary
77
Urinary system
Kidney, uters, bladder, and urthera eliminate metabolic waste and help to maintain acid-base/water-base salt balance and regulate blood pressure
78
Breakdown molecules and cell digestion
Lyosomes
79
Structure that surrounds and protects the cell
Cell membrane
80
The material within the cell that is not part of the nucleus
Cytoplasm
81
Network of canals in the cytoplasm
Endoplasmic reticulum
82
Transports and delivers proteins
Golgi apparatus
83
Powerhouses of cell, supplies the energy
Mitochondria
84
Largest structure in the cell, contains DNA and directs cell activity
Nucleus
85
Produce ribosomes
Nucleolus
86
Protein builders
Ribosomes
87
Fills with digested food and waste that will be transported out of the cell
Vacuole
88
One from each parent, how they interact determines the physical characteristics of the person
Allele
89
Alleles are identical
Homozygous
90
Alleles are different
Heterozygous
91
Gene
Genotype
92
Physical
Phenotype
93
What is the movement of the frontal plane
Ab/adduction
94
What is the movement of the sagittal plane?
Flexion/extension
95
What is the movement of the transverse plane?
Internal/external rotation
