Circulatory System Flashcards
1
Q
ABG
A
Arterial blood gases
2
Q
Ag
A
Antigen
3
Q
Bl
A
Blood
4
Q
Diff
A
Differential
5
Q
FE+
A
Iron
6
Q
O2
A
Oxygen
7
Q
RBC
A
Red blood cell
8
Q
WBC
A
White blood cell
9
Q
AIDS
A
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
10
Q
Alb
A
Albumin
11
Q
CBC
A
Complete blood count
12
Q
FBS
A
Fasting blood sugar
13
Q
H&H
A
Hemoglobin and hematocrit
14
Q
PLC
A
Platelet count
15
Q
Rh
A
Rhesus
16
Q
An-
A
No, not, without
17
Q
-ac, -al, -tic, -ic, -ary
A
Pertaining to
18
Q
Ante-
A
Before, in front of
19
Q
Arter/o
A
Artery
20
Q
Circulat/o
A
Circulate, go around in a circle
21
Q
Coagul/o, coagulat/o
A
Clotting, coagulation
22
Q
Dilat/o, -dilation
A
Widening, stretching, expanding
23
Q
-Emia
A
Blood, blood condition
24
Q
Fibrin/o
A
Fibrin, fibers, threads of a clot
25
Globin, globin/o
Protein
26
Hemangi/o
Blood vessel
27
Leuko
White
28
-malacia
Abnormal softening
29
-ology
Study of
30
Ox/i
Oxygen
31
Pulmon/o
Lung
32
System/o, systemat/o
Body system
33
-tion
Condition
34
A-
No, not without, away from, negative
35
Angi/o
Blood or lymph vessels
36
Apoplect/o
A stroke
37
Ather/o
Plague, fatty substance
38
Crit-
To separate
39
Cyt/o, -cyte
Cell
40
-edema
Swelling
41
Erythr/o
Red
42
-gen, gen/o, gen-
Producing, forming
43
Hem/o, hemat/o
Blood
44
-ion
Condition
45
Mal
Bad, poor, evil
46
Norm/o
Normal, usual
47
-otomy
Cutting, surgical incision
48
Phleb/o
Vein
49
-rrhage
Bleeding, abnormal fluid
50
Sclerosis
Abnormal hardening
51
Thromb/o
Clot
52
Below normal number of RBC
Anemia
53
Molecule that interacts with specific antigen
Antibody
54
Process of clot formation
Coagulation
55
Circulation of blood within the heart
Coronary circulation
56
Red blood cell
Erythrocyte
57
Separation of blood; screening test that determines the presence of anemia
Hematocrit
58
Protein RBC, carries oxygen
Hemoglobin
59
Security against a particular disease
Immunity
60
Localized protective response to injury or destruction of tissue resulting in pain, heat, redness, swelling, and LOF
Inflammation
61
White blood cell
Leukocyte
62
Incision or cut into a vein to collect a blood sample
Phlebotomy
63
Fluid portion of blood
Plasma
64
Flow of blood between the heart and lungs
Pulmonary circulation
65
The flow of blood between the heart and the cells of the body (to all systems)
Systemic circulation
66
Blood platelet
Thrombocyte
67
What are the three types of circulation?
Coronary circulation
Pulmonary circulation
Systemic circulation
68
What is the function of blood?
Blood sends oxygen, hormones, and nutrients to the cells. It also removes waste, regulates body temperature and maintains proper fluid volume
69
Foreign object, pathogen
Antigen
70
Proteins secreted by lymphocytes
Antibodies
71
Antibodies bond with antigens
Lock and key phenomenon
72
What are the dominant genes
A and B
| Shown as I
73
Dominant gene examples
AIAI
BIBI
AIBI
74
What are the recessive genes
O
| Shown as i
75
Example of recessive gene
ii
76
What are the four blood types
A
B
AB
O
77
Immune system has a tolerance against __________
It's own antigens
78
If type A gets matched with type B then
Antibodies will clump together
79
Which blood is a universal donor
Type O
80
Universal recipient
Type AB
81
People who do not have antigens on red blood cells
Rh-
82
People who do have antigens on red blood cells
Rh+
83
About ______% of Americans are Rh+
85%
84
If Rh- blood is given to rh+ then the body:
Thinks it is an invading pathogen and starts to form antibodies
85
Three solid components of blood
Erythrocytes
Leukocytes
Thrombocytes
86
Release heparin to stop clotting, produce histamine to cause the blood vessels to dilate, help control inflammation and kill parasites
Basophil
87
Kills parasites and helps control inflammation and allergic reactions
Eosinophils
88
Remove small unwanted particles and materials from blood
Neutrophils
89
Essential to the immune system and protects the body against the formation of cancer cells
Lymphocytes
90
Destroy large unwanted particles in the blood stream
Monocytes
91
Contain hemoglobin, live about 120 days, made by red marrow in bones, liver and spleen remove dead RBC
Erythrocytes
92
Fight disease and infection, fewer WBC than RBC, larger than RBC, live about 9 days
Leukocytes
93
Help with clotting, produced in red bone marrow, live about 10 days
Thrombocytes
94
Platelets stick to each other and damaged tissue to control blood loss
Clotting process
95
What is the liquid component of blood?
Plasma
96
Whole blood= ____% plasma
55%
97
What is plasma made of?
```
Protein
Water
Salts
Nutrients
Vitamins
Hormones
```
98
What are the 5 types of WBCs
```
Basophils
Eosinophils
Neutrophils
Lymphocytes
Monocytes
```
99
The cardiovascular system delivers _________ to cells, removes carbon dioxide and metabolic waste from cells
Oxygen and nutrients
100
Cardiovascular system is made up of the ______
Heart and blood vessels
101
The heart acts like a ______
Pump
102
The blood vessels are the __________
Plumbing
103
The are more than ____________ miles of blood vessels in your body
60,000
104
3 types of blood vessels
Arteries
Veins
Capillaries
105
___________ carry oxygen rich blood, _______ carry oxygen poor blood
Arteries
| Veins
106
________ carry blood towards the heart, ________ carry blood away from the heart
Veins
| Arteries
107
This is 90% water
Plasma
108
Makes up 1% of blood
WBC
109
Most common blood disorder
Anemia
110
Anemia etiology
Inadequate amount of hemoglobin, RBC, or both
111
Anemia symptoms
Shortness of breath, palor (pale), rapid heart rate
112
Anemia treatment
Dietary supplements, blood replacement
113
Hemophilia etiology
Rare gender linked genetic blood disease in which the blood is missing a clotting factor
114
Hemophilia symptoms
Prolonged or uncontrolled bleeding
115
Hemophilia treatment
Giving plasma that contains the missing clotting factor (no cure)
116
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome etiology
Dysfunction of the immune system caused by a virus. Virus will cause DNA to become infected, damaging WBC. HIV is transmitted through exchange of body fluids
117
AIDS Symptoms
May not show for 6-10 years: fatigue, weakness, painful joints, diarrhea
118
AIDS treatment
Experimental medicines (no cure)
119
Leukemia (blood cancer) etiology
Abnormal malignant increase in the number and longevity of WBC. WBC are immature and less effective in fighting disease.
120
Leukemia symptoms
Bleeding gums, anemia
121
Leukemia treatment
Radiation, chemotherapy, bone marrow transplant
122
Massive accumulation of lymphatic fluid in body tissues, causing abnormally large growth of tissue areas
Elephantiasis
123
Elephantiasis etiology
Caused by obstruction of the lymph vessels by tiny worms (filariae) that are common in tropic and subtropical areas
124
Elephantiasis symptoms
Fever, chills, ulcer formation
125
Elephantiasis treatment
Oral medication and mosquito control measures (no cure)
126
The sickled cells are more fragile and cause pain as vessels are blocked and less oxygen is delivered
Sickle cell anemia
127
Sickle cell anemia etiology
Genetic condition that results in malformed RBC
128
Sickle cell anemia symptoms
Sometimes no symptoms, may cause death
129
Sickle cell anemia treatment
No cure
130
Allergy etiology
Hypersensitive response by the immune system to an outside substance which becomes an allergen. Allergens then cause antibodies to be produced
131
Allergy symptoms
Inflammation of the respiratory, GI, and integumentary systems, may become life threatening
132
Allergy treatment
Drugs
133
Erythroblastic Fetalis etiology
Antibodies from an Rh- mother may enter the blood stream of her Rh+ infant, damaging the RBCs. The infant responds by increasing RBC production and sending out immature RBCs that still have nuclei
134
Erythroblastic Fetalis symptoms
Baby may have brain damage
135
Erythroblastic Fetalis treatment
Intrauterine blood transfusion
136
Hodgkin's disease etiology
Cancer of the lymph system that usually appears in people between the ages of 15-30
137
Hodgkins disease symptoms
Painless enlargements of the lymph nodes, itching, weight loss, fever, difficulty swallowing
138
Hodgkin's disease treatment
Chemotherapeutic or radiation of the lymph nodes
139
Splenomeagly etiology
Enlargement of the spleen caused by acute infection such as scarlet fever
140
Splenomeagly symptoms
Symptoms are similar to leukemia and anemia
141
Splenomeagly treatment
May require removal of spleen
142
Thrombosis etiology
Condition in which a blood clot forms in the vessels. Clot slows the flow of blood to tissues
143
When the clot breaks away, it could lodge in a blood vessel and cause tissue death
Embolus
144
Thrombosis symptoms
Pain in the area of the clot because of lack of oxygen
145
Thrombosis treatment
Elevation, anticoagulants, may have surgery to remove clot
146
Autoimmune disease etiology
Conditions in which the immune system of the body turns against itself
147
What are some examples of autoimmune disease
Systemic lupus erythematous: affects connective tissue, kidneys, lungs, and heart
Hashimotos disease: destruction of the thyroid
148
Autoimmune disease treatment
Immunosuppressive drugs and steroids to relieve inflammation
149
What structures do the lymphatic and immune system share?
Lymph nodes, spleen, thymus gland
150
What is the function of the little lymphatic and immune system?
The lymphatic system transports lymph fluid to and from the blood stream while the immune system protect the body against disease
151
What systems are the lymphatic and immune system similar to and why?
The cardiovascular and blood system is because it transports stuff around the body
152
What is the function of a lymph?
It transports various substances around the body
153
What does lymph contain? Does it contain RBC or platelets?
No but it has white blood cells
154
What are the smallest parts of the lymphatic system?
Lymphatic capillaries
155
What is the fluid in the spaces between tissues called?
Interstitial fluid
156
What are lymph nodes and what is their function?
Lymph nodes are specialized organs that produce lymph cells and filter harmful substances from the tissues
157
What are lymphocytes?
White blood cells that produce anti-bodies
158
What is the function of lymph vessels?
They gather fluid and substances that have leaked from the blood capillaries into the tissues and transport them back to the bloodstream
