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Circulatory System Flashcards

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1
Q

ABG

A

Arterial blood gases

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2
Q

Ag

A

Antigen

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3
Q

Bl

A

Blood

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4
Q

Diff

A

Differential

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5
Q

FE+

A

Iron

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6
Q

O2

A

Oxygen

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7
Q

RBC

A

Red blood cell

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8
Q

WBC

A

White blood cell

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9
Q

AIDS

A

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

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10
Q

Alb

A

Albumin

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11
Q

CBC

A

Complete blood count

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12
Q

FBS

A

Fasting blood sugar

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13
Q

H&H

A

Hemoglobin and hematocrit

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14
Q

PLC

A

Platelet count

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15
Q

Rh

A

Rhesus

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16
Q

An-

A

No, not, without

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17
Q

-ac, -al, -tic, -ic, -ary

A

Pertaining to

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18
Q

Ante-

A

Before, in front of

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19
Q

Arter/o

A

Artery

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20
Q

Circulat/o

A

Circulate, go around in a circle

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21
Q

Coagul/o, coagulat/o

A

Clotting, coagulation

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22
Q

Dilat/o, -dilation

A

Widening, stretching, expanding

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23
Q

-Emia

A

Blood, blood condition

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24
Q

Fibrin/o

A

Fibrin, fibers, threads of a clot

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25
Q

Globin, globin/o

A

Protein

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26
Q

Hemangi/o

A

Blood vessel

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27
Q

Leuko

A

White

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28
Q

-malacia

A

Abnormal softening

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29
Q

-ology

A

Study of

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30
Q

Ox/i

A

Oxygen

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31
Q

Pulmon/o

A

Lung

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32
Q

System/o, systemat/o

A

Body system

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33
Q

-tion

A

Condition

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34
Q

A-

A

No, not without, away from, negative

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35
Q

Angi/o

A

Blood or lymph vessels

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36
Q

Apoplect/o

A

A stroke

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37
Q

Ather/o

A

Plague, fatty substance

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38
Q

Crit-

A

To separate

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39
Q

Cyt/o, -cyte

A

Cell

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40
Q

-edema

A

Swelling

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41
Q

Erythr/o

A

Red

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42
Q

-gen, gen/o, gen-

A

Producing, forming

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43
Q

Hem/o, hemat/o

A

Blood

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44
Q

-ion

A

Condition

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45
Q

Mal

A

Bad, poor, evil

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46
Q

Norm/o

A

Normal, usual

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47
Q

-otomy

A

Cutting, surgical incision

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48
Q

Phleb/o

A

Vein

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49
Q

-rrhage

A

Bleeding, abnormal fluid

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50
Q

Sclerosis

A

Abnormal hardening

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51
Q

Thromb/o

A

Clot

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52
Q

Below normal number of RBC

A

Anemia

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53
Q

Molecule that interacts with specific antigen

A

Antibody

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54
Q

Process of clot formation

A

Coagulation

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55
Q

Circulation of blood within the heart

A

Coronary circulation

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56
Q

Red blood cell

A

Erythrocyte

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57
Q

Separation of blood; screening test that determines the presence of anemia

A

Hematocrit

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58
Q

Protein RBC, carries oxygen

A

Hemoglobin

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59
Q

Security against a particular disease

A

Immunity

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60
Q

Localized protective response to injury or destruction of tissue resulting in pain, heat, redness, swelling, and LOF

A

Inflammation

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61
Q

White blood cell

A

Leukocyte

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62
Q

Incision or cut into a vein to collect a blood sample

A

Phlebotomy

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63
Q

Fluid portion of blood

A

Plasma

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64
Q

Flow of blood between the heart and lungs

A

Pulmonary circulation

65
Q

The flow of blood between the heart and the cells of the body (to all systems)

A

Systemic circulation

66
Q

Blood platelet

A

Thrombocyte

67
Q

What are the three types of circulation?

A

Coronary circulation
Pulmonary circulation
Systemic circulation

68
Q

What is the function of blood?

A

Blood sends oxygen, hormones, and nutrients to the cells. It also removes waste, regulates body temperature and maintains proper fluid volume

69
Q

Foreign object, pathogen

A

Antigen

70
Q

Proteins secreted by lymphocytes

A

Antibodies

71
Q

Antibodies bond with antigens

A

Lock and key phenomenon

72
Q

What are the dominant genes

A

A and B

Shown as I

73
Q

Dominant gene examples

A

AIAI
BIBI
AIBI

74
Q

What are the recessive genes

A

O

Shown as i

75
Q

Example of recessive gene

A

ii

76
Q

What are the four blood types

A

A
B
AB
O

77
Q

Immune system has a tolerance against __________

A

It’s own antigens

78
Q

If type A gets matched with type B then

A

Antibodies will clump together

79
Q

Which blood is a universal donor

A

Type O

80
Q

Universal recipient

A

Type AB

81
Q

People who do not have antigens on red blood cells

A

Rh-

82
Q

People who do have antigens on red blood cells

A

Rh+

83
Q

About ______% of Americans are Rh+

A

85%

84
Q

If Rh- blood is given to rh+ then the body:

A

Thinks it is an invading pathogen and starts to form antibodies

85
Q

Three solid components of blood

A

Erythrocytes
Leukocytes
Thrombocytes

86
Q

Release heparin to stop clotting, produce histamine to cause the blood vessels to dilate, help control inflammation and kill parasites

A

Basophil

87
Q

Kills parasites and helps control inflammation and allergic reactions

A

Eosinophils

88
Q

Remove small unwanted particles and materials from blood

A

Neutrophils

89
Q

Essential to the immune system and protects the body against the formation of cancer cells

A

Lymphocytes

90
Q

Destroy large unwanted particles in the blood stream

A

Monocytes

91
Q

Contain hemoglobin, live about 120 days, made by red marrow in bones, liver and spleen remove dead RBC

A

Erythrocytes

92
Q

Fight disease and infection, fewer WBC than RBC, larger than RBC, live about 9 days

A

Leukocytes

93
Q

Help with clotting, produced in red bone marrow, live about 10 days

A

Thrombocytes

94
Q

Platelets stick to each other and damaged tissue to control blood loss

A

Clotting process

95
Q

What is the liquid component of blood?

A

Plasma

96
Q

Whole blood= ____% plasma

A

55%

97
Q

What is plasma made of?

A 
Protein 
Water
Salts
Nutrients 
Vitamins
Hormones
98
Q

What are the 5 types of WBCs

A 
Basophils
Eosinophils
Neutrophils
Lymphocytes
Monocytes
99
Q

The cardiovascular system delivers _________ to cells, removes carbon dioxide and metabolic waste from cells

A

Oxygen and nutrients

100
Q

Cardiovascular system is made up of the ______

A

Heart and blood vessels

101
Q

The heart acts like a ______

A

Pump

102
Q

The blood vessels are the __________

A

Plumbing

103
Q

The are more than ____________ miles of blood vessels in your body

A

60,000

104
Q

3 types of blood vessels

A

Arteries
Veins
Capillaries

105
Q

___________ carry oxygen rich blood, _______ carry oxygen poor blood

A

Arteries

Veins

106
Q

________ carry blood towards the heart, ________ carry blood away from the heart

A

Veins

Arteries

107
Q

This is 90% water

A

Plasma

108
Q

Makes up 1% of blood

A

WBC

109
Q

Most common blood disorder

A

Anemia

110
Q

Anemia etiology

A

Inadequate amount of hemoglobin, RBC, or both

111
Q

Anemia symptoms

A

Shortness of breath, palor (pale), rapid heart rate

112
Q

Anemia treatment

A

Dietary supplements, blood replacement

113
Q

Hemophilia etiology

A

Rare gender linked genetic blood disease in which the blood is missing a clotting factor

114
Q

Hemophilia symptoms

A

Prolonged or uncontrolled bleeding

115
Q

Hemophilia treatment

A

Giving plasma that contains the missing clotting factor (no cure)

116
Q

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome etiology

A

Dysfunction of the immune system caused by a virus. Virus will cause DNA to become infected, damaging WBC. HIV is transmitted through exchange of body fluids

117
Q

AIDS Symptoms

A

May not show for 6-10 years: fatigue, weakness, painful joints, diarrhea

118
Q

AIDS treatment

A

Experimental medicines (no cure)

119
Q

Leukemia (blood cancer) etiology

A

Abnormal malignant increase in the number and longevity of WBC. WBC are immature and less effective in fighting disease.

120
Q

Leukemia symptoms

A

Bleeding gums, anemia

121
Q

Leukemia treatment

A

Radiation, chemotherapy, bone marrow transplant

122
Q

Massive accumulation of lymphatic fluid in body tissues, causing abnormally large growth of tissue areas

A

Elephantiasis

123
Q

Elephantiasis etiology

A

Caused by obstruction of the lymph vessels by tiny worms (filariae) that are common in tropic and subtropical areas

124
Q

Elephantiasis symptoms

A

Fever, chills, ulcer formation

125
Q

Elephantiasis treatment

A

Oral medication and mosquito control measures (no cure)

126
Q

The sickled cells are more fragile and cause pain as vessels are blocked and less oxygen is delivered

A

Sickle cell anemia

127
Q

Sickle cell anemia etiology

A

Genetic condition that results in malformed RBC

128
Q

Sickle cell anemia symptoms

A

Sometimes no symptoms, may cause death

129
Q

Sickle cell anemia treatment

A

No cure

130
Q

Allergy etiology

A

Hypersensitive response by the immune system to an outside substance which becomes an allergen. Allergens then cause antibodies to be produced

131
Q

Allergy symptoms

A

Inflammation of the respiratory, GI, and integumentary systems, may become life threatening

132
Q

Allergy treatment

A

Drugs

133
Q

Erythroblastic Fetalis etiology

A

Antibodies from an Rh- mother may enter the blood stream of her Rh+ infant, damaging the RBCs. The infant responds by increasing RBC production and sending out immature RBCs that still have nuclei

134
Q

Erythroblastic Fetalis symptoms

A

Baby may have brain damage

135
Q

Erythroblastic Fetalis treatment

A

Intrauterine blood transfusion

136
Q

Hodgkin’s disease etiology

A

Cancer of the lymph system that usually appears in people between the ages of 15-30

137
Q

Hodgkins disease symptoms

A

Painless enlargements of the lymph nodes, itching, weight loss, fever, difficulty swallowing

138
Q

Hodgkin’s disease treatment

A

Chemotherapeutic or radiation of the lymph nodes

139
Q

Splenomeagly etiology

A

Enlargement of the spleen caused by acute infection such as scarlet fever

140
Q

Splenomeagly symptoms

A

Symptoms are similar to leukemia and anemia

141
Q

Splenomeagly treatment

A

May require removal of spleen

142
Q

Thrombosis etiology

A

Condition in which a blood clot forms in the vessels. Clot slows the flow of blood to tissues

143
Q

When the clot breaks away, it could lodge in a blood vessel and cause tissue death

A

Embolus

144
Q

Thrombosis symptoms

A

Pain in the area of the clot because of lack of oxygen

145
Q

Thrombosis treatment

A

Elevation, anticoagulants, may have surgery to remove clot

146
Q

Autoimmune disease etiology

A

Conditions in which the immune system of the body turns against itself

147
Q

What are some examples of autoimmune disease

A

Systemic lupus erythematous: affects connective tissue, kidneys, lungs, and heart

Hashimotos disease: destruction of the thyroid

148
Q

Autoimmune disease treatment

A

Immunosuppressive drugs and steroids to relieve inflammation

149
Q

What structures do the lymphatic and immune system share?

A

Lymph nodes, spleen, thymus gland

150
Q

What is the function of the little lymphatic and immune system?

A

The lymphatic system transports lymph fluid to and from the blood stream while the immune system protect the body against disease

151
Q

What systems are the lymphatic and immune system similar to and why?

A

The cardiovascular and blood system is because it transports stuff around the body

152
Q

What is the function of a lymph?

A

It transports various substances around the body

153
Q

What does lymph contain? Does it contain RBC or platelets?

A

No but it has white blood cells

154
Q

What are the smallest parts of the lymphatic system?

A

Lymphatic capillaries

155
Q

What is the fluid in the spaces between tissues called?

A

Interstitial fluid

156
Q

What are lymph nodes and what is their function?

A

Lymph nodes are specialized organs that produce lymph cells and filter harmful substances from the tissues

157
Q

What are lymphocytes?

A

White blood cells that produce anti-bodies

158
Q

What is the function of lymph vessels?

A

They gather fluid and substances that have leaked from the blood capillaries into the tissues and transport them back to the bloodstream

Sports Med (20 decks)

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