Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

all > History - Germany > Flashcards

History - Germany Flashcards

1
Q

Germ: what is a putsch

A

It is an armed rebellion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

germ: what is the triple entente

A

it is the alliance in WW1 of England, France, Russia (who left in 1917) and eventually Italy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

germ: what is the triple alliance

A

it is the alliance in WW1 of Germany, Austria Hungary and Italy (who left in 1915)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

germ: what was the Ludendorff offensive

A

in march 1918 the German commander Ludendorff decided to launch one final offensive before the US troops landed and gave the allied and advantage. the offensive utilized storm troopers gas and shelling to great effect, breaking through the allied line and advancing in some places 64km

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

germ: what were the problems with the Ludendorff offensive

A

the Germans lost 400,000 men and could not supply troops is their newly acquired positions,

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

germ: what was the armistice and who (on the German side) agreed to it

A

the ceasefire between Germany and the allies that was agreed to by Friedrich Ebert

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

germ: what were the Freikorps

A

they were a “voluntary army” and ex-military patriots who hated the spartacists and the government for signing the treaty of Versalles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

germ: what were the spartacists

A

they wanted to overthrow the government and place the country under communism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

germ: what was the SDP party in Germany and who controlled them

A

the social democratic party (or weimar government) was controlled by Ebert

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

germ: what was the KPD

A

it was the German communist party

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

germ: what happened in the Kapp Putsch (1920)

A
  1. Ebert tried to disband the Freikorps due to the Treaty of Versailles
  2. The Freikorps rebelled with a politician Wolfgang Kapp as their leader
  3. They kicked the Weimar government out of Berlin
  4. The Government told civilians to help and workers in Berlin went on strike squashing the uprising
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

germ: what happened in the Munich putsch, 1923

A
  • Hitler gained lots of control, 55000 people, mostly in Bavaria (the state of Munich). Hitler thought that the Weimar government was weak in 1923 due to the hyperinflation.
  • Hitler was given support by Ludendorff (former commander in chief of the german army). At gunpoint hitler forced the leaders of the Bavarian government to accept his plan for a putsch.
  • Hitler marched on Munich but were stopped by the police, 16 of them were captured and Hitler fled (though he was arrested later).
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Germ: what happened during the Spartasist uprising

A

In 1919 a communist group known as the Spartasists attempted to overthrow the weimar government, they were crushed by the Friecorps

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

germ: When and why did hyperinflation happen

A

In jan 1923 hyperinflation happened, this was because of the invasion of the Ruhr (when France invaded an industrial area of Germany) this lead to the factory workers in the Ruhr striking and the german government printed money to pay them and when the money went into circulation the economy was flooded by billions of freshly printed marks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Germ: in the treaty of Versallies, how much of its land did germany loose

A

13% land, including industrial areas like alsace lorane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Germ: in the treaty of Versallies what number of soldiers was the german army limited to

A

100,000 men

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Germ: in what years was it good and bad in germany for the Weimar government

A

1918-1923 bad, ended thanks to stresserman
1924-1929, the golden age of weimar ended due to Great Depression
1929… Also Hitler became chancellor in 1933

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Germ: in 1928 how many seats did the nazis have and how many did they have in 1930 and 1932, what caused this increase

A

1928 - 12
1930 - 107
1932 - 230,
this was caused by the Great Depression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Germ: what was article 48

A

An article in the weimar constitution that allowed the president to rule by decree in state of emergency and bypass the Reichstag (german parlement)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Germ: what did hitler argue in mein Kampf

A

He argued in mein Kampf (written while hitler in 1925) that Germany needed to get physically bigger and needed to be filled with ‘pure germans’

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Germ: who was in charge of nazi propaganda

A

Goebbels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Germ: who is more powerful the president or the chancellor

A

President is most powerful as he controls the country while chanselor controls the parliament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Germ: what is the formal name of the nazi party

A

NSDAP - national socialist german workers party

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

germ: what was the SA

A

It was the private army of the nazis, it intimidated people and fought against the KPD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Germ: what was the SS

A

They were thought of as a branch of the SA and were Hitlers private bodyguard and protected Nazi leaders, they were directed by Himmler

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Germ: what and when was the Bamberg conference

A

It was a conference of the Nazi party in 1926 where Hitler solidified his leadership of the party by giving his opposition positions of power in the party (these positions were called Gauleiters of the Nazi party, head of a branch of the Nazi party)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Germ: what is a Gaue of the nazi party why do they exist and who leads them

A

They were branches of the nazi party and is headed by the Gauleiter. Branches of the Nazi party were set up to direct the propaganda and ideas of the nazi party to individual different areas that the branch was set up in.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Germ: what was the 25 point program and what were some of its points

A

It was the foundation of the nazi party snd some of its points are
- socialist ideas (farmers given land and public industries water and electricity owned by the state)
-fascist ideas (strong central government with control over the media)
-antisemitic ideas (jews not german citizens)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Germ: in the treaty of Versallies how much did Germany have to pay in reperations

A

6.6 billion pounds initially, will be later deacreased by the Young plan.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Germ: what is the dawes plan

A

Short term loans from American implemented in 1924 this helped to fix hyperinflation and pay reparations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Germ: what was the locarno pact

A

1925, A pact signed by Germany, France and Belgium cementing the borders

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Germ: when did Germany join the league of nations

A

1926

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Germ: what was the Kellogg Briand pact

A

An agreement between 64 countries, including Germany never to go to war, 1928

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Germ: what was the young plan

A

A plan that reduced how much Germany had to pay in reparations from 6.6 billion to 1.32 billion, in 1929

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Germ: how many seats in the reichstag did Nazis have in 1928 vs 1932

A

1928 - 12
1932 - 230

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Germ: what are the 4 reasons Hitler became chancellor in 1933

A
  • the failure of other politicians
  • appeal of the Nazi party (Hitler, tech, propaganda)
  • Great Depression
  • Von Papen teamed up with Hitler
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Germ: what date did Hitler become chancellor

A

30 January 1933

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Germ: why are the communists the main opposition to the Nazis

A

Because they are the far left and the Nazis are far right

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Germ: what does 3 things does Hitler do in February 1933 to limit the communists

A
  • 4th feb 1933 Hitler persuades Hindenburg to pass a law that makes it illegal to hold a political meeting without informing the police 48 hours in advance
  • 17 feb 1933, goering (hitlers main henchman) who gave the police orders to beat up communists
  • 22 feb 1933 members of the SA are appointed as special police officers ,this have them authority to beat people up too
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

germ: what were the lean years

A

the years 1924-28 when the Nazi party almost did not have any support

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Germ: what cause the invasion of the rhur

A

Germany did not pay an instalment of the reparations on time so France and Belgium invaded the Ruhr

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Germ: how long and when was stresseman chancellor and what was he after that

A

For 100 days in 1923 and he was then foreign minister until his death in 1929

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Germ: what are some weaknesses of the Weimar constitution

A
  • Proportional representation meant that weak coalitions were the only way to gain power
  • strong states such as Prussia still had power through the reichstag
  • Article 48 allowed the president to rule by decree
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

Germ: what caused the passive resistance in the rhur

A

France and Belgium invaded the rhur, Ebert told the workers to strike (passive resistance)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

Germ: what caused hyperinflation

A

After missing a reparation payment, France invaded the rhur so Ebert asked workers to strike as passive resistance but he kept paying the workers with freshly printed money.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

Germ: What year did Hitler become leader of the Nazi party?

A

1921

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

Germ: when did Hitler become fuhrer

A

19th August 1934

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

Germ: what percentage of workers were unemployed in 1932

A

40%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

Germ: what happens, in terms of chancellors, that makes Hitler chancellor

A
  1. Hitler has 37% of the votes and feels he should be chancellor, Hindenberg despises Hitler and uses article 48 to make Von Papen chancelor
  2. Von Papen offers Hitler to be vice-chancellor but he refuses
  3. Von Papen looses support and Von Schleicher becomes chancellor, Von Papen is furious and goes to Hitler, they spread rumours about Von Schleicher being a communist
  4. Von Schleicher looses support and Hindenburg is forced to appoint Hitler as chancellor
50
Q

Germ: what was introduced by Stresseman that helped to fix hyperinflation

A
  • He introduced a new currency, the Rentenmark
  • He made an agreement with America named the Dawes plan
51
Q

Germ: When were the SA introduced and how many of them were there in 1921

A

Introduced in 1920, the SA had 800 men in 1921

52
Q

Germ: what was the amount of unemployment in 1929 and what was it in 1932

A

1929 - 1.3, 1932 - 5.1 million

53
Q

Germ: how do you answer question 3a (8 marks)

A

2 paragraphs:
C - content, what the source says
OK - own knowledge
P - provenance, background
OK - own knowledge
Although, it is not necessary to use own knowledge twice

54
Q

Germ: how do you answer question 3b (interpretation)

A

The main difference between interpretation 1 and 2 is that
1 argues ___ Whereas interpretation 2 argues __
Interpretation 1 states that __ use quotes
Interpretation 2 states that __ use quotes

55
Q

Germ: how do you answer question 3c

A
  • the reason the interpretations are different is because they have used different evidence
  • interpretation 1 could could have looked at source __ which emphasises
  • interpretation 2 could could have looked at source __ which emphasises
56
Q

Germ: how do you answer question 3d

A

Write small intro, 3 paragraphs and a conclusion answering the question. use quotes
ALWAYS use both interpretations
- Point
- Evidence
- Explain
- Link back

57
Q

Germ: What was the Enabling Act?

A
  • 24th March 1933, gives Hitler and the Nazi party full powers for 4 years, effectively making him have greater powers than the president.
  • Renewed in 1937 and 1941, signaled the end of democracy in Germany
58
Q

Germ: How was the Enabling act passed?

A
  • Absentees counted as present
  • SA intimidated members as they entered the chamber
  • Communist party not counted and not allowed to vote, lowering total no. of votes needed by Nazis.
  • Promises to the Catholic Centre Party won their vote
59
Q

Germ: Examples of Propaganda after 1933

A
  • Newspapers
  • Radio
  • Festivals/Celebrations/Rallies
  • Posters
  • Culture
60
Q

Germ: How did Nazis use and control Newspapers as propaganda after 1933? (Goebbels)

A
  • Nazi’s took control of existing papers and removed opposition’s papers
  • Nazi’s had their own papers, e.g Der Strümer (The Stormer) where the Nazis rant and make cartoons showing anti-semitic views, for example, a Jewish man crucifying Jesus
  • Made all journalists join the Reich Association of the Press where Goebbels controlled what could and couldn’t be printed and shared
61
Q

Germ: How did Nazi’s use and control Radio as propaganda after 1933?

A
  • All National and local stations across Germany made part of Reich Radio Company and the Ministry of Propaganda controlled its output
  • People receiver - cheap (weekly wage for average worker). 1933, 1.5 million produced. 1939, 70% of German people had one in their home.
  • Foreign music such as American Jazz was discouraged as made by Jewish people. People Receiver had very limited range so could only use Nazi stations.
62
Q

Germ: How did Nazis use rallies for Propaganda after 1933?

A
  • Rallies were held to emphasise and strengthen the Nazi movement
  • The annual week-long rally in Nuremberg in 1934 was the biggest example of this: 500 trains carried 250000 people to the event, over 30000 swastika flags were placed around the field, each with their own spotlight. Dubbed by Nazi’s the ‘Cathedral of light’
  • Leni Riefenstahl filmed the event and Goebbels asked her to make the film the triumph of will which made Hitler descend from an airplane like a God
63
Q

Germ: When was the Reichstag fire

A

27 February 1933

64
Q

Germ: how many seats in the reichstag did Nazis have in November 1933?

A

661/661

65
Q

Germ: how many SA members were there in 1934

A

4 Million

66
Q

Germ: Who controlled the SA?

A

Ernst Röhm

67
Q

Germ: When did Hindenburg die?

A

2nd August 1934

68
Q

Germ: What is the name of the period 1933 - 1939

A

Nazi control and dictatorship

69
Q

Germ: What was the Aryan race?

A

A person of European descent (not Jewish) often with blond hair and blue eyes. The Nazis viewed Aryans as the superior human race.

70
Q

Germ: how did the Reichstag fire benefit the Nazis

A

A communist was found inside the Reichstag and confessed, this allowed the Nazis to blames the communists, swaying the public against them and allowing goering to make the Prussian police arrest 4000 communist leaders, also communists were not allowed to take part in elections

71
Q

Germ: what decree was passed after the Reichstag fire

A

The decree for the protection of people and state was passed on the 28th of February 1933 allowing police the search houses, confiscate property and to lock people up without trial.

72
Q

Germ: what happened in the night of the long knives

A
  • by 1934 the SA was very powerful
  • Hitler told rhom to tell the SA to go on leave
  • major leaders of the SA are called to a hotel for a meeting
  • these leaders were dragged from their rooms and exicuted
  • also people such as Von Schleicher rhom, and others people that Hitler disliked were murdered
73
Q

Germ: how did Hitler get away with all the murders in the night of the long knifes

A

On the 13th of July 1934 the Reichstag passed a law that stated the killings were lawful as emergency defence measures

74
Q

Germ: What is gleichschaltung

A

It is making every aspect of life “Nazi-fied”

75
Q

Germ: what part did Goebbles play in the Nazi government

A

He was the minister of public enlightenment and propoganda after it was created on march 13th 1933

76
Q

Germ: what part did Himmler play in the Nazi government

A

He ran the SS, who in turn ran the concentration camps, spied on people and instilled fear in them

77
Q

Germ: what was the gestapo

A

It was a small (20000 members by 1939) secret police that had the job of hunting down enemies of the state

78
Q

Germ: what was the job of the block wardens

A

Germany was divided into blocks of about 50 houses, each with a block warden who’s would ensure there people int he bloc were following the Nazi ideas and doing things such as attending marches and putting out bunting and flags for special occasions.

79
Q

Germ: what were the courts like during the Nazi control

A

The regular courts were kept and upheld the Nazi regime, condemning people to death for it. 2 other courts were also set up:
- the peoples courts to deal with political offences
- the special courts to deal with smalls offences such as ordinary people telling anti-Nazi jokes

80
Q

Germ: what was the malicious gossip act

A

It was a law that made people able to be able to be convicted for speaking against the Nazis.

81
Q

Germ: in 1933-35 what happened to prisoners of the concentration camps

A

They were released after a short time, the state of their minds and bodies was enough for to instil fear in the people

82
Q

Germ: after 1937 what happened to prisoners of the concentration camps

A

After 1937 the concentration camps became long term forces labour camps.

83
Q

Germ: what does this poster say and was it released before or after the Nazi rise to power

A

It says work freedom bread
It was released before the Nazi rise to power

84
Q

Germ: what was the peoples receiver

A

It was a cheap radio mass produced by the Nazis in 1933 so that the people could all hear the führer, it was organised by Goebbles

85
Q

Germ: what does this poster say and was it released before or after the Nazi rise to power

A

It says one people, one nation, one leader
It was during nazi control

86
Q

Germ: during Nazi control was the press free

A

No the Nazis controlled the newspapers

87
Q

Germ: what happened at the Nuremberg rally in 1934

A

250,000 people gathered and 30,000 swastica flags were set up

88
Q

Germ: who controlled the cinema when the Nazis were in government

A

Nazis closely controlled the film industry through the film chamber

89
Q

Germ: what happened during the Berlin olympics

A

In 1936 Germany held the olympics, many swasticas were put up in Berlin, the newspapers were toned down and so were the films to give foreign visitors a less harsh impression of the Nazi government

90
Q

Germ: what does neoclassical mean and how does it relate to the Nazis

A

Neo-classical - a return to the classical
Hitler wanted to use neoclassical influences and styles in art and architecture

91
Q

Germ: what agreement did the Nazis assign with the catholics and what did it do

A

The Nazis signed an agreement called the concordat, it said that the Nazis would leave the catholic free

92
Q

Germ: what did the Nazis do after the concordat

A

They shut down Catholic Church schools and closed monostaries

93
Q

Germ: what did catholic priests read out in 1937

A

An ecclesiastical letter criticising the nazis

94
Q

Germ: what happened after the catholic priests read out the ecclesiastical letter criticising the Nazis

A

The priests were sent to the concentration camps.

95
Q

Germ: what church did the Nazis set up

A

The Nazis set up the Reich church that joined the 28 Protestant churches

96
Q

Germ: why was the confessional church set up

A

Because many Protestants did not like the Reichstag church and and so in protest set up the reich church

97
Q

Germ: how many Protestant priests joined the confessional church, leaving how many in the reich church

A

Confessional - 6000, Reich - 2000

98
Q

Germ: what happened to some of the leaders of the confessional church

A

They were imprisoned

99
Q

Germ: what happened to smaller Christian sects under the Nazi regime, some examples

A

Some smaller Christian sects were banned, Christian scientists and seventh day adventists.

100
Q

Germ: how did the Nazis use pagan cults

A

Nazis lead, the pagan cults and many of these sects were set up

101
Q

How many marks did a loaf of bread cost at the peak of hyperinflation?

A

Bread went from 20 marks to 200,000 billion marks

102
Q

Germ: what type of evidence do you include in a 16 marker

A

quotes and own knowlage

103
Q

Germ: what paragraph structure do you use for 16 markers

A

Iki
- Interprition (quote)
- knowkage
- Interpritation

104
Q

Germ: what was the subject eugenics, that was taught under the Nazis

A

Children are taught how selective breeding can be applied to humans to keep the aryan race pure and to make the pupils not marry Jews.

105
Q

Germ: what is the entire education system focused on, for girls and boys

A

Teaching them Nazi ideas

106
Q

Germ: when are boys and girls taught together and when are they taught apart

A
  • Nazi , they were taught separately
  • Weimar, they were taught together
107
Q

Germ: what is the focus of the teaching of boys in Nazi Germany, some examples?

A

All of the subjects that are taught are to be focused on warfare:
- math - to be taught ballistics
- chem - chemical ware fare
- PE - military fitness

108
Q

Germ: what did the Nazis glorify for boys

A

Military service.

109
Q

Germ: what was the main focus of Nazi education for girls

A

Being a good wife and manager of a house:
- domestic science - being thrifty, conomics of the household
- pe - to keep the students fit so they can carry more children

110
Q

Germ: what was the youth group for 10-14 year old boys called

A

Young German folk

111
Q

Germ: what was the youth group for girls aged 10-14 called

A

Young girls

112
Q

Germ: what was the youth group for boys aged 14-18 called

A

Hitler youth

113
Q

Germ: what was the youth group for girls aged 14-18 called

A

League of German maidens

114
Q

Germ: what does the Nazis forcing children to attend Hitler youth suggest about it.

A

That it did not get enough conscription on its own.

115
Q

Germ: when were they youth encouraged and when was it compulsory to attend Hitler youth

A
  • 1933 encouraged
  • 1936 mandatory
116
Q

Germ: what was the number of Hitler youth members in 1936 and what was it in 1939

A
  • 1936 - 5.4 mil
  • 1939 - 8 mil
117
Q

Germ: for how long did the president hold power and who chose him

A

The people chose the president and he ruled for 7 years

118
Q

Germ: how many Hitler youth members were there before it was made mandatory in 1936

A

Over 5 million

119
Q

Germ: how many people had a people’s receiver

A

70%

120
Q

Germ: how many children to get bronze, silver and gold honour crosses

A

Bronze - 4
Silver - 6
Gold - 8

all (25 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions