Computer Science 2

Question 1

comp 2.1: what is decomposition

Answer 1

breaking the problem down into smaller parts to simplify it, the smaller problems can be called sub-problems

Question 2

comp 2.1: what is a structure diagram

Answer 2

they are used to represent decomposition, they are divided into nodes, the smallest node contains one task

Question 3

comp 2.1: what is algorithmic thinking

Answer 3

this is a way of finding a solution by finding the individual steps needed

Question 4

comp 2.1: what is abstraction

Answer 4

where you remove the unnecessary details from a problem

Question 5

comp 2.1: what is a linear search

Answer 5

this searches through a dataset and matches the first letter and then the next and the next until it finds a match

Question 6

comp 2.1: what is a binary search

Answer 6

finds a midpoint in the data sees if what you want is higher or lower and then half again until it finds a match, only works in an ordered list

Question 7

comp 2.1: what is a bubble sort

Answer 7

a bubble sort is a sort that orders a list by letting the things floaty to the top

Question 8

comp: what is a logic error

Answer 8

it is an error in which an unexpected output occurs, they do not stop the program from working

Question 9

comp: what is a trace table

Answer 9

it is a method of checking a program that involves going through it and recording each change in a new column of the table

Question 10

comp 2.4: how do transistors function

Answer 10

by using superconductors

Question 11

comp 2.4: what component in the computer uses transistors to temporarily store data

Answer 11

the RAM (primary storage)

Question 12

comp 2.4: what are electrically controlled switches called

Answer 12

transistors

Question 13

comp 2.4: what are logic circuits composed of, where are they in the computer and what do they do

Answer 13

transistors, CPU and they perform calculations

Question 14

comp 2.4: what form logic gates or “switches”

Answer 14

transistors

Question 15

comp 2.4: how many transistors are in the CPU

Answer 15

3 bn

Question 16

comp 2.4: true or false, logic gates selectively allow electrisity to flow

Answer 16

true

Question 17

comp 2.4: what do logic gates form in the CPU

Answer 17

logic circuits that perform calculations

Question 18

comp 2.4: do you perform the operations in brackets first in Boolean order of operations

Answer 18

yes

Question 19

Comp 2.4: what is this symbol in Boolean logic ^

Answer 19

It is AND

Question 20

Comp 2.4: what is this symbol in Boolean logic ¬

Answer 20

NOT

Question 21

Comp 2.4: what is this symbol is Boolean logic V

Answer 21

It is OR

Question 22

comp 2.4: what is the order of precedence for Boolean logic

Answer 22

Not, And, Or

Question 23

comp 2.5: what is a HLL

Answer 23

it is a high level language and often resembles English, they can be very portable

Question 24

comp 2.5: what are the pros and cons of HLLs

Answer 24

pro: they often resemble English
con: they are not always as fast as they require more translation

Question 25

comp 2.5: what is an LLL

Answer 25

it is a low level language, they require less translation (lowe levels of abstraction from machine language)

Question 26

comp 2.5: what are compilers

Answer 26

they translate a whole code at once, errors do not stop the code from being compiled and will all show up when the compiling is done, they create an exicutable file

Question 27

comp 2.5: what is an interpreter

Answer 27

they translate high level code into executable programs one line at a time, they stop when they find and error

Question 28

comp 2.5: what is an assembler

Answer 28

they translate assembly code into binary, they run fast.

Question 29

comp 2.5: what is an IDE

Answer 29

Integrated development environments, they are software that facilitate software development

Question 30

comp 2.5: in terms of IDEs what are debug tools

Answer 30

error diagnostics that highlight errors in code

Question 31

comp 2.5: in terms of IDEs what are code editors

Answer 31

they allow code to be written

Question 32

comp 2.5: in terms of IDEs what are translators

Answer 32

a program that converts source code into object code
they also facilitate the ‘RUN’ button

Question 33

comp 2.5: what are the pros and cons of LLL

Answer 33

pros: faster, they need less translation
cons: they are hard to read

Question 34

comp 2.5: what are the pros and cons of Compilers

Answer 34

pros: - they provide a list of errors and aren’t stopped by a single one
- this can make debugging easier
- they produce an executable program that can help to protect copyright
cons: they can be very slow

Question 35

comp 2.5: what are the pros and cons of Assemblers

Answer 35

pro:
- they only work on assembly language
- they provide direct control over the hardware
con:
- they are very difficult to use

Question 36

comp 2.5: what are 3 features of IDEs

Answer 36

debug tools, code editors, translators

Question 37

comp 2.5: what are 3 types of translators

Answer 37

compilers, interpreters, assemblers