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Neuroscience > Histology of the Nervous System > Flashcards

Histology of the Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

What are the main types of cells that constitute the Nervous System?

A

Neurons, astrocytes, onligodendrocytes, Microglia
Ependymal Cells
Schawn Cells and Satellite Cells of the Ganglia

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2
Q

What are the main types of ganglia found in the Peripheral NS?

A

Sensory

Autonomic

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3
Q

What are nissl bodies?

A

organelles of the neurons close to the nucleus [RER, ribosomes]

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4
Q

How does the nuclei of neurons stain?

A

Not very strongly, pale

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5
Q

How many layers of cells has the cortex of the CNS?

A

6

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6
Q

What is the most abundant cell between neurons and astrocytes?

A

Astrocytes

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7
Q

What is white matter made of?

A

Neuronal Axons

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8
Q

What is grey matter made of?

A

Cell bodies

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9
Q

What is the main function of the ventricular system? and where is the main product produced?

A

Production and circulation of CSF

Choroid Plexus

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10
Q

What type of cells is in charge of producing CSF?

A

Ependymal Cells

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11
Q

What is a synapse?

A

Functional Junction between 2 neurons

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12
Q

Neuronal Cytoskeleton if formed by what type of structureS?

A

Actin
Microtubules
Intermediate Fillaments

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13
Q

Which of the filaments are dynamic and where are they located?

A

Actin –> Growth Cones and Spines

Microtubules —-> Axons

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14
Q

Where are the Intermediate Fillaments located?

A

All the processes of the neuron

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15
Q

Main function of the astrocytes?

A

environment control for the neuron, such as regulating [K, glutamate,GABA]
Control of blood flow

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16
Q

What causes astrocyte glial contraction?

A

Ca+2 Wave due to glutamate binding

17
Q

How do astrocytes modulate neuronal functioning?

A

By uptaking Ca+2 and releasing ATP which hyperpolarises the neuron
Also by taking from the environment neurotransmitters

18
Q

what si the main cell type of the microglia?

A

Macrophage like cells (from same origin as macrophages but restricted to CNS)

19
Q

What is considered as CNS?

A

Spinal cord and brain

20
Q

Main function of the oligodrendrocytes?

A

Production of the myelin sheath of neurons in the CNS

21
Q

What does myelin does to the neuron?

A

increases conduction rate

22
Q

how many oligodendrocytes are per neuron?

A

1 oligodendrocyte provides processes for several neurons

23
Q

oligodendrocytes coven the enterity of the neuron without leaving spaces T/F

A

F, spaces are called Nodules of Ranvier

24
Q

Which of the layers of connective tissue is vascularised and provides support for neurons and the schawn cell?

A

Endoneuron

25
Q

From inside out starting at the neuron describe the layers around the neuron?

A

Neuron – Endoneuron - Perineuron - Epineuron

26
Q

What is the function of satellite cells?

A

support cells of the ganglia

27
Q

What is the main contributor to BBB?

A

Endothelial Cells –> Tight Junctions

Neuroscience (31 decks)

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