Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Neuroscience > General Structure of the NS > Flashcards

General Structure of the NS Flashcards

1
Q

Gyri and sulci

A

Gyri is the elevation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what are the constituents of the CNS?

A

brain and spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Brodman’s Areas?

A

topographical organisation of the brain depending on its histological characteristics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What does the cerebellum do?

A

motor control
checking what one is doing vs what one set out to do
1/2 of the neurons of the brain are localised there

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Thalamus

A

mejor sensory relay to cortex
2 major nuclei at each side of the brain
related to arousal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what part of the brain selects and initiates voluntary complex movements?

A

the basal ganglia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what os the main function of the hypothalamus?

A

regulation of homeostasis (T, blood V, [ion], pH, O2 and glucose)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the main ventricles of the brain?

A

Lateral
3rd
4th
Cerebral Aquaeduct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the ventricles filled with? what produces it? what cells?

A

CSF, choroid plexus, ependymal cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

where does CSF gets out of the ventricles to reach the arachnoid space?

A

4th ventricle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

where does re-absorption of CSF occurs?

A

Venous Sinus (arachnoid granulations)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the main foramini of the ventricles?

A

Interventricular
Lateral Aperture
Medial Aperture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

WHat parts of the brain are diencephalon?

A

Thalamus and Basal Ganglia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the name given to uncal herniation?

A

transtentorial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what are the meninges?

A

dura
arachnoid
pia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is the name given to cingulate herniations?

A

Subfalcine (horizontal herniation)

17
Q

How many cervical nerve roots are there?

A

8

18
Q

what are the names of the foldings of the dura?

A

Falx

Tentorium

19
Q

what are the main constituents of the BBB?

A 
endothelial cells (tight junctions)
reinforces by the astrocytes foot processes
20
Q

after what vertebrae do the spinal nerves come underneath the vertebrae number?

A

T1

21
Q

What is rostral to the central sulcus?

A

the primary motor cortex

22
Q

What area of the motor cortex is supplied by the ACA?

A

toe-trunk

23
Q

Which corticospinal tract does not decussate?

A

Ventral in charge of axial muscles

24
Q

what is the pre-frontal area in charge of? also called motor association area?

A

what one wants to do

more complex/mechanistic movements (planning and sequencing)

25
Q

Apraxia is (and is related with damage to what area)

A

inability to produce complex sequential movements (motor association area)

26
Q

what are the components of the basal ganglia?

A

Corpus Striatum
Substantia Nigra
Subthalamic Nucleus

27
Q

What is known as the lenticular nucleus?

A

globus palludus and putamen

28
Q

UMND shows clasp-knife relfex via action of the

A

muscle spindles

29
Q

what are the functions of the basal ganglia?

A

selection of complex patterns of movements
evaluation of success of action and improvement over time
initiation of complex movements
Rewards pathways

30
Q

what is the main function of the cerebellum?

A 
coordination of the time sequencing of complex movements 
maintenance of muscle tone
motor learning (not the skills just the smoothness)
31
Q

what are the main lobes of the cerebellum?

A

anterior
posterior
flucconodular

32
Q

what structure of the cerebellum attaches it to the brainstem?

A

the cerebellar peduncles

33
Q

are lesions to the cerebellum showed ipsilaterall/contralaterally

A

ipsilateral as the pathway decussates twice

34
Q

what are the main interactions of the cerebellum?

A

with the cerebral cortex and the brainstem

35
Q

what are the layers of the cerebellum?

A

grey - white - grey

36
Q

define ataxia and with which cerebellar lobe is it related?

A 
poor coordination and unsteadiness of movement 
anterior lobe (chronic alcoholism damages the purkinje cells)
37
Q

what pathologies are associated with posterior lobe damage of the cerebellum?

A 
Dysmetria
Dysdiadochokinesisa (inability to rapidly alternate movement because of problems organising antagonistic muscles)
38
Q

lesions to the flucconodular lobe are associated with what pathology?

A

Truncal Ataxia: Difficulty walking sitting and standing

Neuroscience (31 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions