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Neuroscience > Cranial Nerves > Flashcards

Cranial Nerves Flashcards

1
Q

What is the most rostral part of the brainstem anteriorly?

A

Mammilary Bodies

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2
Q

What is the function of the mamillary bodies?

A

Spatial and episodic memory

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3
Q

CN 12

A

Hypoglossal (M)

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4
Q

CN 11

A

Accessory (M)

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5
Q

CN 10

A

Vagus (B)

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6
Q

CN 9

A

Glossopharyngeal (B)

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7
Q

CN 8

A

Vestibulochochlear (S)

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8
Q

CN 7

A

Facial (B)

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9
Q

CN 6

A

Abducens (M)

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10
Q

CN 5

A

Trigeminal (B)

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11
Q

CN 4

A

Trochlear (M)

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12
Q

CN 3

A

Oculomotor (M)

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13
Q

CN 2

A

Optic (S)

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14
Q

CN 1

A

Olfactory (S)

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15
Q

What is the rule of 4 and show its application?

A

4 Nerves Before the Pons (only 3-4 at midbrain)
4 Nerves at the Pons
4 Nerves after the Pons

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16
Q

in terms of columns in the brainstem, what is more medial motor or sensory?

A

Motor

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17
Q

How many columns are in the motor division and what are they?

A

3 And from medial to lateral

Somatic —> Branchial —> Visceral

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18
Q

What is the Somatic Strip?

A

Muscles that can be controlled voluntarily

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19
Q

What is the branchial strip?

A

Muscles of the face

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20
Q

What is the visceral strip?

A

in charge of innervation of visceral structures

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21
Q

In terms of the Midbrain - Pons - Medulla - SC what nerves come out at each level in the somatic strip of the motor division

A

3,4 - 6 - 12 - 0

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22
Q

In terms of the Midbrain - Pons - Medulla - SC what nerves come out at each level in the branchial strip of the motor division

A

0 - 5(V3),7 - 9,10 - 11

V3=Mastication Mandibular Rami

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23
Q

In terms of the Midbrain - Pons - Medulla - SC what nerves come out at each level in the visceral strip of the motor division

A

3 - 7 - 9,10 - 0

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24
Q

What nucleus is in charge of the parasympathetic component of the CN 3

A

Edinger Westfal

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25
Q

What nucleus is in charge of the parasympathetic component of the CN 7

A

Sup Salivatory Nucleus

26
Q

What nucleus is in charge of the parasympathetic component of the CN 9

A

Inf Salivatory Nucleus

27
Q

What is the name of the nucleus for the branchial component of CNs 9 and 10? Where is it located?

A

Nucleus Ambiguus

At the level of the medulla behind the Inferior Olive

28
Q

What facial muscle does CN 9 controls?

A

Stylopharingeus

29
Q

What facial muscle does CN 10 controls?

A

Levator Palati

30
Q

How many columns does the sensory division has?

A

3, they come lateral to the motor division

31
Q

in the sensory division what is most medial and what is most lateral?

A

From medial to lateral

Visceral –> Somatic —> Special Sensory

32
Q

In terms of the Midbrain - Pons - Medulla what nerves come out at each level in the visceral strip of the sensory division

A

0 - 7 - 9,10 (7,9,10 form a large continuous nucleus)

33
Q

The common nucleus for the CNs 7,9,10 is called and is located at the level of —-

A

Nucleus Tractus Solitarius (NTS)

Pons and medulla

34
Q

In terms of the Midbrain - Pons - Medulla what nerves come out at each level in the somatic strip of the sensory division

A

5 - 5,7 - 9,10 (5,7,9,10 form one big nucleus spanning from the most distal part of the pons to the medulla)

35
Q

The nucleus Tractus Solitarius most rostrally is formed by the (1) and more caudally by the (2)

A

1 Gustatory Nucleus

2 Visceral Sensory

36
Q

Gustatory Nucleus receives information by the Nerves

37
Q

Visceral Sensory information of the Nucleus Tractus Solitarius comes from the nerves (1) and is information from (2)

A

9 –> Baroreceptors, chemoreceptors from carotid body and sinus
10 –> Heart and abdominal Visceral

38
Q

What type of information and from where does the somatic sensory Strip receives information from?

A

5 –> face and Mucosa of the mouth and nose

7,9,10 –> skin behind ear and external auditory meatus

39
Q

In terms of the Midbrain - Pons - Medulla what nerves come out at each level in the special sensory strip of the sensory division

A

0 - 8 - 8 (8 is one nucleus spanning from one area to the next)

40
Q

What nerves come from the anterior cranial fossa?

A

Cribiform Plate –> 1

41
Q

What nerves come from the middle cranial fossa?

A

Optic Canal –> 2

Superior Orbital Fissure –> 3,4,5(V1),6

42
Q

What nerves come from the posterior cranial fossa?

A

Internal Acoustic Meatus —> 7,8
Jugular Foramen –> 9,10,11
Hypoglossal Foramen –> 12

43
Q

How many nuclei does the trigeminal nerve have?

A 
4
Mesencephalic  --> Propioception
Chief Sensory    *
Spinal Trigeminal Nucleus (STN) ---> Pain *
Motor Nucleus
* sensory info from face and head
44
Q

the motor part of the trigeminal nerve travels via which division of the nerve?

A

The mandibular Division

45
Q

the motor action of CN 7 is to

A

Face and the Stapedius Muscle (Dampening of sound)

46
Q

the sensory and parasympathetic action of CN7 is via what nerve

A

Nervus intermedius

47
Q

the sensory information of the anterior 2/3 of the tongue and small part of the external auditory meatus travel via

48
Q

where do the terminal branches of CN 7 originate and what are they?

A

in the parotid gland

Temporal, Zygomatic, Buccal, Mandibular, Cervical

49
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of CN7 is to the

A

Lacrimal Gland

50
Q

the sensory information of the posterior 1/3 of the tongue travels via the

A

Glosopharyngeal nerve (9)

51
Q

the sensory information of the posterior 1/3 of the tongue, pharynx, middle ear, and carotid body (visceral) travels via the

A

Glosopharyngeal nerve (9)

52
Q

The motor supply of the Glosopharyngeal nerve (9) is given to which muscle?

A

stylopharingeus

53
Q

Visceral Motor supply given by the Glosopharyngeal nerve (9) is to the

A

Parotid Gland (parasympathetic)

54
Q

Motor supply of the vagus nerve is given to

A

soft palate, pharynx, larynx, upper oesophagus, palatoglossus (tongue muscle)

55
Q

Visceral sensory information of the vagus nerve comes from

A

baro- and chemoreceptors of the aortic arch

56
Q

What nerve gives nerve supply to the vocal cords?

A

Recurrent Laryngeal (branch of 10)

57
Q

what is the afferent, efferent of the PUPILLARY REFLEX and what brain structure does it test for?

A

A: Optic Nerve
E: Oculomotor
Tests 4: Midbrain Function

58
Q

what is the afferent, efferent of the CORNEAL BLINK REFLEX and what brain structure does it test for?

A

A: Ophthalmic Branch of Trigeminal Nerve (V1)
E: Facial (orbicularis Oculi)
Tests 4: Pons Function

59
Q

what is the afferent, efferent of the GAG REFLEX and what brain structure does it test for?

A

A: Glossopharyngeal
E: Vagus
Tests 4: Medullary Function

60
Q

CN 12 controls…

A

intrinsic/extrinsic muscles of the tongue

61
Q

if the accessory nerve is damaged the patient cannot turn the head towards the ipsilateral/contralateral side

A

towards the contralateral side of the lesioned nerve

62
Q

Trigeminal nerve is for

A

sensation of the face, muscle of mastication, and tensor tympani muscle

Neuroscience (31 decks)

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