Histology and Analysis

Question 1

Which dye is basophilic and what does it stain too?

Answer 1

haematoxylin - stains blue to the nuclei

Question 2

Name some special stains and an example for their use:

Answer 2

Immunohistochemistry staining (IHC)
- tumour type - HER2

(CDX2) for colon cancer

Mucin
- adenocarcinoma classification - epithelial cells

Depositions:

• fibrous tissue
• amyloids

Bacterial

Question 3

When looking at a biopsy of a tissue suspected with cancer what are you looking for?

Answer 3

Different cell types

mitotic division

Different sized cells

Question 4

On a biopsy, what does B1 mean and what would B5 mean?

Answer 4

B1 - normal tissue

B5 - malignant and cancerous

Question 5

Why is it important to stain the surface of a removed breast for cancer first before dissecting it?

Answer 5

as there may be a positive margin - that is tumour cells up to the skin - which suggests the skin still on the patient may have tumour cells still on it.

Question 6

What is it called when the tumour spreads up to the nipple and along it?

Answer 6

Pagets disease

Question 7

Outline the procedures of tissue examination in the laboratory

Answer 7

1. cut out by surgeon and placed in formalin
2. transported to Lab
   - goes through triage for urgent
3. Pathologists examines gross structure
4. Placed into formalin
5. Tissue processing
   - Dehydration
   - embedding
   - wax impregnation
6. Wax embedding
7. Wax blocks sectioned
8. Stain with H&E
9. Pathologist examines and writes report

Question 8

After the dehydration process with alcohol, what is added to the tissues?

Answer 8

Xylene

Question 9

What type of dye is good for seeing amylioid deposits?

Answer 9

Congo Red

Question 10

Name a harmartoma seen in the lungs, and what does it typically consist of?

Answer 10

Chondriod Hamartoma.

Cartilage, lung epithelium, fat