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Phase 3 > Cardio/ Blood Drugs > Flashcards

Cardio/ Blood Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

How does Abcixmab work?

A

GP IIb/ IIIa antagonist

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2
Q

Name two IIb/ IIIa antagonists:

A

Abciximab

Tirofiban

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3
Q

Name a phosphodiesterase inhibitor and how does it work?

A

Dipyridamole

Blocks the regarding of cAMP.
Increased cAMP reduces platelets responsiveness to ADP

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4
Q

What enzymes does Warfarin inhibit and what is the consequence of this?

A

Vitamin K oxide reductase.

No formation of the Carboxy - glutamic acid residues that Ca2+ binds too.

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5
Q

Name a IIa inhibitor:

A

Dabigatran

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6
Q

What reverses Dabigatran?

A

Idarucizumab

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7
Q

Name three Xa inhibitors:

A

Rivaroxaban

Eporoxaban

Apixaban

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8
Q

What is the combination drug used in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction?

A

LCZ696

- Sacubitril/ Valsartan

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9
Q

How does LCZ696 work?

A

Sacubitril - Inhibits Neprilysin - which degrades BNPs

Valsartan - Angiotensin II antagonist

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10
Q

Name a cardio glycoside and how it works:

A

Digoxin

Blocks Na/K ATPase, increases Na2+ leading to Ca2+ increase = increasing force of contraction

Activates Vagal activity, slowing heart.

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11
Q

Name some side effects of amiodarone:

A
  • photosensitivity
  • Hyperthyroidism/ Hypothyroidism
  • corneal deposits
  • hypersensitivity reactions
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12
Q

List some side effects of statins:

A

Myalgia

Myopathy

Increased creatinine levels

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13
Q

List some rate limiting Ca2+ channel blockers:

A

Verapamil

Diltiazem

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14
Q

Liste some non- rate limiting Ca2+ channel blockers:

A

Amlodipine

Nifedipine

Felodipine

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15
Q

What are rate limiting Ca2+ channel blockers contraindicated in?

A

Heart failure

Left ventricular heart failure

Use with Beta blockers

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16
Q

What is a common side effect of verapamil?

A

Constipation

17
Q

What is a common side effect of Diltiazem?

A

Ankle swelling

18
Q

What are common side effects in non-rate limiting Ca2+ channel blockers?

A

Ankle swelling

19
Q

List some cardioselective beta blockers:

A

Bisoprolol

Atenolol

20
Q

Liste some non- cardioselective beta blockers:

A

Propranolol

Carvedilol

21
Q

How is alteplase Given?

A

basal bolus regimen

22
Q

How is tenecteplase administered?

A

Single bolus

23
Q

How is low molecular weight heparin administered?

A

Sub-cut

24
Q

Name two cardioselective Beta blockers:

A

Atenolol

Bisoprolol

25
Q

What is a side affects diabetics need to be careful off when using beta blockers?

A

Reduced hypoglycemia awareness

26
Q

What drugs must not be combined with beta blockers?

A

rate limiting Ca2+ blockers - verapamil and diltiazem

27
Q

Name two non cardioselective beta blockers:

which of these may also act on beta 2 receptors?

A

propranolol

Carvedilol

  • carvedilol
28
Q

Name two rate limiting Ca2+ blockers, how do they work and name main side effects of each:

Name what they cannot be used in and name a drug they can’t be used in combination with:

A

Verapamil

Diltiazem

work by block L-type calcium channels, causing:

  • dilation
  • negative inotropy
  • AV conduction slowing - negative chronological affect.

Verapamil: Constipation and headache

Diltiazem: GI upsets and ankle swelling

Can’t be used in heart failure - due to negative inotropic effect

Can’t be used with beta blockers

29
Q

What medication needs bloods checked every 2 weeks - monitoring electrolyte balance?

A

ACE inhibitors

ACE can cause hyponatremia

30
Q

What is main side effect of nitrates and what advice can you give to patients?

A

Headaches
- will reduce as time goes on with use.

Take peroids off from the drug to avoid tolerance build up

31
Q

List some important side effects of amiodarone:

A

Photosensitivity skin reactions

Corneal deposition

Hyperthyroidism/ hypothyroidism
- due to iodine content

Hypersensitivity reaction

32
Q

What must be monitored in patients taking amiodarone?

A

Thyroid levels

LFTS

33
Q

Where do thiazides work? and what drug may reduce their effectiveness?

A

Distal PCT

NSAIDs

34
Q

Which beta blockers would be given for anxiety, post MI prophylactic therapy and migraine prophylaxis?

A

Non - cardio selective.

Propranolol
carvedilol

35
Q

Which drug has an indication for use in CKD?

A

ACE inhibitors

36
Q

Which drug class is contraindicated in pregnancy?

A

ACE inhibitors

37
Q

What drug class is heavily associated with venous ulceration?

A

ACE Inhibitors

38
Q

Which drugs are associated with hyperuricemia?

A

Loop diuretics

Phase 3 (50 decks)

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