Antimicrobials 2 Flashcards
Whats is penicillin V a derivative off?
and when can it be used?
Benzylpenicillin
used in infectious mononucleosis - when amoxicillin can’t be used
Erysipelas is a skin infection that causes a nasty rash and is associated with S. pyogenes, what would be first line treatment?
Benzylpenicillin
What does tazocin cover that co-amoxiclav doesn’t?
Pseudomonas
Those with penicillin allergy can be given what other beta lactamase?
and what is the exception to the allergic reaction?
Aztreonam
- monobactam
If they had anaphylactic reaction they can’t be given them
Can vancomycin be stored at room temperature?
Yes - its extremely stable
What are the two main side effects of vancomycin? and what is the major clinical problem with it?
Nephrotoxicity
Red man syndrome
Clinically - underdosing
How does rifampin work?
when is it used?
what interaction can it have with certain drugs?
RNA polymerase
TB
P450 enzyme inducer - increases activity of it
How does Sulfamethoxazole work? and what category of antibiotics does it fall under?
Dihydropteroate Synthase
Folate inhibitors
What are common side effects of macrolides?
what drug are they contraindicated in?
D&V
Prolonged QT
- simvastatin
- reduced P450 enzymes
In the presence of a gram positive toxic producing disease, what antibiotic should be added?
Clindamycin
due to its excellent toxin producing inhibitory effects.
Whats the main antibiotics associated with C.Diff infection?
Co-amoxiclav
Cephalosporin
Ciprofloxacin (all quinolones)
Clindamycin
In upper non complicated UTI infections - which antibiotics should be used?
Ciprofloxacin
What are some common side effects of quinolones?
QT interval increase
Tendon rupture
Gastrointestinal upset
- can cause C. Diff
What organisms are ciprofloxacin very good against?
Gram negative
Atypicals
- hence their use in UTIs
Name the only bacteriostatic antibiotic used in TB treatment:
Ethambutol